Abttract: Pathophysiological Responses to Acute Cerebral Ischemia in the Gerbil • The left carotid artery of healthy, male gerbils was surgically ligated to induce a state of cerebral ischemia. The animals were sacrificed two, four, six, 12, 24 and 48 hours postligation to determine whether the induced cerebral ischemia would be reflected by changes in blood chemistry. The gerbil, unlike the ra...

The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence and severity depression in patients with consequences ischemic strokes chronic brain ischemia. Material Methods. We examined 100 17 cerebral Hamilton Depression Rating Scale used assess presence degree depression. Conclusions. Slightly less than half ischemia (47.1%) had no depression, 42.1% mild only 11.8% moderate severe A different situa...

Delayed and selective neuronal damage was caused in the CA1 sector of hippocampus following 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia in gerbils. We investigated the immunohistochemical alterations of apoptosis-related proteins such as bcl-2α, bcl-xs/l, bax, cytochrome c, and active caspase 3 and TUNEL staining in the hippocampus at 1 and 5 hr and 1, 2, 5 and 14 days after transient cerebral ischemi...

Using quantitative autoradiography, we studied sequential changes in regional cerebral blood flow during and after 2 minutes of bilateral common carotid artery occlusions in 18 gerbils. Occlusion (n = 4) led to severe ischemia in the forebrain (regional cerebral blood flow less than 5% of control [n = 4]) and midbrain (regional cerebral blood flow less than 10% of control), but was morphologica...

BACKGROUND Arachidonic acid (ARA) is a precursor of various lipid mediators. ARA metabolites such as thromboxane A2 cause platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction, thus may lead to atherosclerotic disease. It is unclear whether dietary ARA influences the ARA-derived lipid mediator balance and the risk for atherosclerotic diseases, such as cerebral ischemia. Considering the function of ARA in a...

ischemic brain injury involves a complex sequence of excitetoxic and oxidative events. metformin is proposed as one of the potential candidates for returning the body to its basic homeostasis in ischemic situations. metformin can either protect or damage cells by activating amp-activated protein kinase (ampk) and its downstream factors so, it has a dual role in the cerebral ischemia context, bu...

Neurovascular Disorders Neurovascular disorders encompass those conditions that result in cerebrospinal ischemia, infarction, and hemorrhage. Various vascular and parenchymatous changes have been reported in dogs and cats in association with vascular anomalies (e.g., aneurysms, telangiectatic hamartomas), cerebral arteriosclerosis, mineral and pigment deposition, malacias and necrosis, cerebral...

Pre-ischemic treadmill training exerts cerebral protection in the prevention of cerebral ischemia by alleviating neurotoxicity induced by excessive glutamate release following ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanism of this process remains unclear. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was observed in a rat model after 2 weeks of pre-ischemic treadmill training. Cerebrospinal fluid wa...

Delayed cerebral ischemia occurs in about 30% of patients during the first 2 weeks after subarachnoid hemorrhage, and can result in substantial disability and death. Research studies investigating the incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia and strategies for prevention and treatment are hampered by inconsistent use of terminology and definitions for this complication, and by reliance on indirec...

Chronic Diabetes Followed by Chronic Cerebral Ischemia Induced by Bilateral Carotid Artery Ligation in A rleriosclerotic Versus Nonarteriosclerotic Rats • Male and female, arteriosclerotic (breeder) and nonarteriosclerotic (virgin), SpragueDawley rats were made severely diabetic with alloxan. Two weeks later experimental animals had both carotid arteries ligated to induce a state of acute cereb...