The epidemic of obesity and its unfortunate sequelae — including, but not limited to, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and certain cancers — continues to grow. Fortunately, recent discoveries have inspired a veritable gold rush of scientific activity on energy balance in academic and industrial labs alike. As a consequence, we have learned more about the central and peripheral regulation...

this study was aimed to evaluate the effects of diets containing some hot and coldtemperament herb seeds according to iranian traditional medicine (itm) on some metabolicparameters in acute (24 h) and sub-acute (7 day) experiments that were performed on rats. foreach experiment, effects of diets containing 10% herb seeds in category of hot (anise, fennel,ajowan) and cold (cucumber, watermelon, ...

Leucine activates the intracellular mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, and hypothalamic mTOR signaling regulates food intake. Although central infusion of leucine reduces food intake, it is still uncertain whether oral leucine supplementation is able to affect the hypothalamic circuits that control energy balance. We observed increased phosphorylation of p70s6k in the mouse hypot...

The use of the pig for studies of food intake and obesity is reviewed. Effects of ambient temperature and taste on food intake as well as satiety factors impicating both neural and hormonal mechanisms originating in the gastrointestinal tract are considered; the integration of information in the central nervous system for both internal and external sources is hypothesized. Special concerns of f...

The central opioid system is involved in a broadly distributed neural network that regulates food intake. Here, we show that activation of central δ-opioid receptor not only stimulated normal diet intake but conversely suppressed high-fat diet intake as well. [D-Pen(2,5)]-enkephalin (DPDPE), an agonist selective for the δ-receptor, increased normal diet intake after central administration to no...

Fasting triggers a constellation of physiological and behavioral changes, including increases in peripherally produced ghrelin and centrally produced hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY). Refeeding stimulates food intake in most species; however, hamsters primarily increase foraging and food hoarding with smaller increases in food intake. Fasting-induced increases in foraging and food hoarding in ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Endocannabinoids (anandamide and 2-arachidonoylgycerol) and related N-acylethanolamines (N-oleoylethanolamine) exhibit opposite effects in the control of appetite. The purpose of this review is to highlight the similarities and differences of three major lipid-signaling molecules by focusing on their mode of action and the proteins involved in the control of food intake and en...

We have previously demonstrated that acute third ventricle injections of both Pb2+ and Cd2+ impair the dipsogenic response elicited by three different situations: dehydration and central cholinergic or angiotensinergic stimulation. beta-Adrenergic activation is part of the multifactorial integrated systems operating in drinking behavior control in the central nervous system. In the present stud...

this study was carried out to investigate the interaction of simultaneous use of fluoxetine (flx), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and diclofenac (dcf), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on food intake in goldfish, carassius auratus . treatments with different dosage of flx including control, 0, 1, and 10  µg/g body weight (bw) were injected in the fish with mean weight of 30.16 ±...

objective(s):consumption of high-fat foods is one of the major causes of obesity. physical exercise is a strategy used to counteract obesity. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks endurance training and high-fat diet (hfd) on appetite-regulating hormones in rat plasma. materials and methods:twenty eight male wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: contro...