This study presents an integrated mineralogical assessment for the provenance of sediments derived from modern-day rivers and Cenozoic deposits in Senegal Gambia. Two distinct populations are identified discrimination heavy mineral assemblages; River sediment, sourced West African Craton Mauritanides Meso-Cenozoic sediment onshore Basin, demonstrating prevalent recycling Basin by Ferlo, Saloum,...

Deep-time paleoclimatic records document large-scale shifts and perturbations in Earth's climate; during the Cenozoic particular transitions have been recorded on time scales of 10 thousand to 1 million years. Bifurcations leading dynamical modes could be a key element driving these events. Such bifurcation-induced critical are typically preceded by characteristic early-warning signals, for exa...