The use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (ggbs) is well established in many cement applications where it provides enhanced durability, including high resistance to chloride penetration, resistance to sulphate attack and protection against alkali silica reaction (ASR). The use of ggbs in soil stabilization is, however, still a novel process in the UK although it has been used in South Afr...

The transportation infrastructure, including low-volume roads in some regions, needs to be constructed on weak ground, implying the necessity of soil stabilization. Untreated and cement-treated lateritic for road suitability were studied based Malaysian standards. A series unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests was performed four cement doses (3%, 6%, 9%, 12%) different curing times. Accor...

Since the emergence of problem nuclear waste conditioning, cementation has become an important and developing part management system, owing to its simplicity versatility. The continued development technique is driven by improvement expansion cementitious materials that are suitable efficient for solidification. Advances in cement theory technology have significantly impacted improvements techno...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The presence of a cortical erosion of the posterior wall or an epidural mass is commonly considered a contraindication to performing a vertebral augmentation, considering the perceived increased risk of an epidural cement leak. Our aim was to assess technical and clinical complications of vertebral augmentation procedures performed for pain palliation and/or stabilization...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous vesselplasty in pathological vertebral fractures of the thoracolumbar spine in selected tumor patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven pathological vertebral fractures in nine patients were treated with vesselplasty (Vessel-X®, MAXXSPINE). Nine of eleven vertebras (81.8 %) had major posterior wall deficiency (> 30 %). Clinical and...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Percutaneous vertebroplasty in the upper cervical spine is a challenging procedure, and little is known about its therapeutic outcome. The purpose of this study was to assess the risks and benefits of percutaneous vertebroplasty for metastatic involvement of the axis. METHODS From January 1994 to August 2004, 12 patients (mean age, 52.3 years) underwent percutaneous ver...

A number of different approaches have been used in the stabilization of small band gap n-type semiconductors against photocorrosion in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. Such stabilization is necessary in the design of practical cells for conversion of solar energy to electricity, and is of critical importance in photoelectrosynthetic systems where the photogenerated holes produce species (e.g. ...