objective(s): oxidative stress has been established as a key cause of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. licochalcone b, an extract of licorice root, has shown antioxidative properties. this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of licochalcone b in ethanol-induced hepatic injury in an in vitro study. materials and methods: an in vitro model of ethanol-induced cytotoxicity in brl cel...

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common cancer in United States, affecting up to four million Americans annually. BCC caused by mutations Hedgehog (HH) pathway, leading activation of receptor smoothened (SMO) and GLI transcription factors. SMO a G-protein coupled (GPCR), canonically signaling independent pathways. However, we have previously found non-canonical Gα protein-dependent pathwa...

B type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has emerged as a central signaling molecule in itch transduction, first identified this context neurotransmitter the nervous system, but lately also epidermal compartment paracrine mediator. Pruritus is most common symptom dermatology and especially chronic inflammatory skin diseases such atopic dermatitis, prurigo nodularis psoriasis, where BNP levels have been...

BackgroundBone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-β family that signal via BMP receptor (BMPR) signaling cascade, distinct from canonical signaling. downstream is strongly induced within epidermal keratinocytes in cutaneous psoriatic lesions, and BMP7 instructs monocytic cells to acquire characteristics psoriasis-associated Langerhans dendritic (DCs). Regulatory T (Treg)-cell ...

The desert hedgehog (Dhh) signaling pathway is involved in the development of peripheral nerves (PNs). Dhh-null mice show abnormal neuronal development and perineurial barrier function. As it was previously shown that dhh is mainly expressed in developmental nerves and Sonic hedgehog protein (dhh homologous) has therapeutic effects in neuronal survival, we attempted to investigate the possible ...