The most frequent extended-spectrum -lactamases (ESBLs) in members of the family Enterobacteriaceae are derived from the clavulanic acid-inhibited Ambler class A enzymes TEM-1/ TEM-2 and SHV-1, which may hydrolyze ceftazidime and cefepime (4, 5). The Ambler class B enzymes have the broadest hydrolysis profiles, including cefepime and ceftazidime (8), whereas several OXA-derived ESBLs (Ambler cl...

conclusions all the staphylococcus aureus strains and enterococcus faecium strains were sensitive to members of the oxazolidinone class of linezolid drug. development of multi drug resistance by gram positive bacteria constitutes a very serious challenge for medical practice. despite these rising rates, it is impossible to distinguish where they have originated from and special attention has th...

conclusions the clinical klebsiella strains isolated from lahore region, pakistan exhibited resistance to most commonly used antibiotics, which can be a serious threat to public health. the study reported some potential actinomycetes strains, which exhibit promising activity against multidrug resistant klebsiella strains. results the isolated klebsiella strains showed resistance against most of...

OBJECTIVES The role of sdiA in the acquisition of low-level multidrug resistance (MDR) was analysed and compared with that of marA and soxS in two Escherichia coli clinical isolates and two in vitro-selected mutants. METHODS The mutants were developed by growth in lomefloxacin and ceftazidime. The sdiA, marA, soxS, ftsI, tolC and acrB gene transcript levels were determined by RT-PCR. Analyses...

INTRODUCTION Several reports have shown marked heterogeneity of antibiotic pharmacokinetics (PK) in patients admitted to ICUs, which might potentially affect outcomes. Therefore, the pharmacodynamic (PD) parameter of the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics, that is, the time that its concentration is above the bacteria minimal inhibitory concentration (T > MIC), cannot be safely extrapolated from ...