OBJECTIVES To identify β-lactamase genes in gut commensal Bacteroides species and to assess the impact of these enzymes, when carried by outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), in protecting enteric pathogens and commensals. METHODS A deletion mutant of the putative class A β-lactamase gene (locus tag BT_4507) found in the genome of the human commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron was constructed and...

BACKGROUND Chronic hemodialysis patients frequently require vascular access through central venous catheters (CVCs). The most significant complication of these catheters is infection. This risk can be lowered by the use of an antibiotic-Heparin lock. This study focuses on hemodialysis patients using Tunneled-cuffed catheters (TCC), to assess the rate of catheter-related infections (CRI) in cath...

Cephalosporinases of Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii were responsible for resistance to newer cephalosporins such as cefotaxime and ceftazidime but not BMY-28142. Interaction of these cephalosporins including hydrolysis, binding, inhibition, and inactivation with cephalosporinases from E. cloacae GN7471 and C. freundii GN7391 were studied. BMY-28142 was much more stable against th...

Central nervous system (CNS) antibiotic distribution was described mainly from cerebrospinal fluid data, and only few data exist on brain extracellular fluid concentrations. The aim of this study was to describe brain distribution of cefotaxime (2 g/8 h) by microdialysis in patients with acute brain injury who were treated for a lung infection. Microdialysis probes were inserted into healthy br...

Since November 1982 at the Sainte-Justine Hospital in Montreal, ampicillin and cefotaxime were used in association as initial treatment (greater than or equal to 48 h) for childhood bacterial meningitis. In this report is described the in vitro interaction of the new regimen in comparison with that of the previous ampicillin-chloramphenicol combination against 284 Haemophilus isolates. Among th...

Resistance to β-lactams is constantly increasing due to the emergence of totally new enzymes but also to the evolution of preexisting β-lactamases. GES-1 is a clinically relevant extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) that hydrolyzes penicillins and broad-spectrum cephalosporins but spares monobactams and carbapenems. However, several GES-1 variants (i.e., GES-2 and GES-5) previously identified a...

Objective(s): To evaluate the in vitro interaction between different extracts of Thymbra spicata L. and certain antimicrobial drugs of different mechanisms, including ampicillin, cefotaxime, amikacin and ciprofloxacin. This study was performed against multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Materials and Methods: Evaluation of antibacterial activity and ...

We previously demonstrated that brief nonkilling neutrophil exposure diminishes the binding affinity of S. aureus penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2. We sought to investigate further the role of the neutrophil in the alteration of antimicrobial activity and its interaction with PBP-2 by studying the activity of cefotaxime, which highly binds to PBP 2, and cephalexin, which minimally binds to PB...

Access to current antimicrobial agent surveillance data is an important prerequisite for the optimal management of patients with hospital-acquired infections. The present study used data collected in 2000 to 2001 from 670 laboratories in Europe (France, Germany, Italy, and Spain), Canada, and the United States to report on the in vitro activities of ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, and comparative agen...

Callus induction and regeneration of fennel from embryo explants were stabilized in the presence of cefotaxime antibiotic and different plant growth regulators (PGRs). The experiments were conducted under a factorial experiment, based on a completely randomized design (CRD). Genotypes; Fasa, Meshkinshar and Hajiabad were applied under different concentration of cefotaxime (0 and 100 mg l-1...