Catch-up growth, defined as growth velocity above the statistical limits of normality for age or maturity during a defined period of time, is distinguished from compensatory growth since it makes up for a potential loss rather than an actual loss and is seen in the whole body as opposed to specific organs. The cellular explanation for catch-up based on the work of Winick is described and a rece...

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact on children's health of translating an evidence-based national intervention trial (Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health [CATCH]) to low-income elementary schools with primarily Hispanic students. DESIGN An untreated, matched control group design with repeated dependent pretest and posttest samples was used. SETTING Four El Paso CATCH and 4 cont...

Densities of nekton were estimated by comparing catch rates of two previously uncompared gear types, a beam trawl and a seine net, by day and night in a shallow seagrass (Zostera capricorni) habitat in Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. A total of 39,676 fish and crustaceans representing 42 species was caught. The catch rates of nekton were 1.4–68.1 times higher at night than in the day for 8 ...

People are known to be very poor at visually judging acceleration. Yet, they are extremely proficient at intercepting balls that fall under gravitational acceleration. How is this possible? We previously found that people make systematic errors when trying to tap on targets that move with different constant accelerations or decelerations on interleaved trials. Here, we show that providing conte...

In many situations we are faced with the need to estimate the number of classes in a population from observed count data: this arises not only in biology, where we are interested in the number of taxa such as species, but also in many other fields such as public health, criminal justice, software engineering, etc. This problem has a rich history in theoretical statistics, dating back at least t...

The paper was conducted to assess the importance and challenges encountered in the current machine evaluation system in an electronics company as perceived by the respondents. In addition, it also sought to understand the acceptability of the new developed Real-Time Auto-locked Software for Electronics Company (RT-ASEC). The new automated machine evaluation software can detect any irregular mac...

This study is the first to demonstrate that human yawns are possibly contagious to domestic dogs (Canis familiaris). Twenty-nine dogs observed a human yawning or making control mouth movements. Twenty-one dogs yawned when they observed a human yawning, but control mouth movements did not elicit yawning from any of them. The presence of contagious yawning in dogs suggests that this phenomenon is...

Viruses catch a wave cientists know from looking at fixed cells that viruses frequently associate with filopodia and microvilli. Using video microscopy, Lehmann et al. (page 317) find that after a virus attaches to the filopodial membrane, it surfs down the plasma membrane toward the cell body. Entry into the cell occurs only after the virus has reached the base of the filopodium. Retroviruses ...

Statistical Machine Translation is a modern success: Given a source language sentence, SMT finds the most probable target language sentence, based on (1) properties of the source; (2) probabilistic source--target mappings at the level of words, phrases and/or sub-structures; and (3) properties of the target language. SMT translates individual sentences because the search space even for a single...

Two extensions of PX system will be discussed. The extensions are ctPX (catch/throw PX) and mvPX (multiple values PX). ctPX is a PX system extended with Nakano's catch/throw logic. ctPX enables to extract LISP programs with catch/throw mechanism form natural proofs. mvPX is a PX system which uses multiple values rather than lists to keep a nite sequences of data. Programs extracted by ctPX are ...