Optimizing the ionomer/carbon (I/C) ratio in catalyst layer (CL) of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is vital for maximizing PEMFC efficiency. In this study, effect I/C a platinum (Pt) loaded on polybenzimidazole (PBI)-coated Vulcan (Vulcan/PBI/Pt) compared with conventional Pt (Vulcan/Pt). Furthermore, study determines that CL comprising Vulcan/PBI/Pt an = 0.2 exhibits highest ...

In this report, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C4C1im]Cl) is demonstrated to enhance the kinetics of acid-catalysed hydrolysis of 1,4-β-glucans in binary solvent mixtures. [C4C1im]Cl plays other roles in the reaction beyond acting as a solvent for cellulose, as currently accepted. In fact, the presence of the IL increases the Hammett acidity of the catalyst dissolved in the reaction med...

Reactions of the bis(pyridine) complex (H2IMes)(Py)2(Cl)2Ru(=CHPh) and fluorous phosphines P(CH2CH2R(fn))3 (n = a, 6; b, 8; c, 10; R(fn) = (CF2)(n-1)CF3) give (H2IMes)(P(CH2CH2R(fn))3)(Cl)2Ru(=CHPh) (2a-c, 64-73%), which are analogs of Grubbs' second generation catalyst and effective alkene metathesis catalysts under organic monophasic and fluorous/organic biphasic conditions. The latter give r...

Four silica samples were evaluated as supports in the hydroformylation of oct-1-ene by Supported Aqueous Phase Catalysis (SAPC) using [Rh2(μ-SBu)2(CO)2(TPPTS)2] and [Rh(COD)Cl]2/TPPTS as catalysts. Adsorption studies of the [Rh(COD)Cl]2/TPPTS complex from aqueous solutions on the supports were carried out at 25 °C. The isotherms obtained were correlated by several models, among which the Fowler...

Cyclopentadienyl ruthenium(ii) complexes with a large number of available coordination sites are frequently used catalysts for a broad range of transformations. To be able to render these transformations enantioselective, we have designed a chiral neutral CpxRu(ii)Cl complex basing on an atropchiral cyclopentadienyl (Cpx) ligand which is accessed in a streamlined C-H functionalisation approach....

Electrochemical molecular catalyst screening (EMoCS) has been developed. This technique allows fast analysis and identification of homogeneous catalytic species through tandem catalyst assembly and electrochemistry. EMoCS has been used to study molecular proton reduction catalysts made from earth abundant materials to improve their viability for water splitting systems. The efficacy of EMoCS is...

The aminophosphine-based pincer complexes [C6H3-2,6-{NHP(piperidinyl)2}2Pd(Cl)] (2) and [C6H3-2,6-{OP(piperidinyl)2}2Pd(Cl)] (3) are readily prepared from cheap starting materials by sequential addition of 1,1′,1′′-phosphinetriyltripiperidine and 1,3-diaminobenzene or resorcinol to solutions of [Pd(cod)(Cl)2] (cod = cyclooctadiene) in toluene under N2 in 'one pot'. Compounds 2 and 3 proved to b...

in this paper metal-assisted chemical etching has been applied to pattern porous silicon regions and silicon nanohole arrays in submicron period simply by using positive photoresist as a mask layer. in order to define silicon nanostructures, metal-assisted chemical etching (mace) was carried out with silver catalyst. provided solution (or materiel) in combination with laser interference lithogr...

There is significant interest in broadening the type of catalyst substrates that support the growth of high-quality carbon nanotube (CNT) carpets. In this study, ion beam bombardment has been utilized to modify catalyst substrates for CNT carpet growth. Using a combination of contact angle measurements (CAMs) and X-ray reflectivity (XRR) for the first time, new correlations between the physicoc...

A synthetic water-soluble meso-tetra(2,6-dichloro-3-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrinate of iron(III) chloride, Fe(TDCPPS)Cl, was employed as a biomimetic catalyst in the oxidative coupling of terrestrial humic materials. High-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (CPMAS-(13)C NMR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and diffuse reflectance infrar...