Background: There have been no studies to date on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of how fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) affects vascular function. Due to the perturbations in the blood vessel wall and the propensity for stenosis, dissection, and aneurysms seen in arteries with FMD, subjects with FMD may have impairment in endothelial function and abnormalities in arterial compliance. Methods: Tw...

The purpose of this paper is to complement the characterization of patient-specific carotid artery bifurcation hemodynamics based on image data obtained by Doppler ultrasound imaging. A methodology for patient-specific 3D luminal surface reconstruction followed by structured hexahedral meshing of the volume and blood flow simulation is presented. Quantitative descriptors of the flow based on wa...

the carotid is a small mass of chemoreceptor's and sustentacular cells that detects changes in the composition of the arterial blood. the aim of the present study was to identify the size, color, location, blood and nerve supply of the carotid body in makouei sheep. fourteen heads of sheep from both sexes were collected from urmia public slaughter-house. the exact situation and nerve supply of ...

AANA Journal/June 2007/Vol. 75, No. 3 193 Carotid endarterectomy is a procedure used to treat severe atherosclerotic occlusive disease involving the internal carotid arteries, most often at the common carotid artery bifurcation. The operation is performed by opening the common carotid arteries and the proximal internal carotid arteries in the neck, removing plaques from the inside of the arteri...

BACKGROUND Many studies have demonstrated that the geometry of the carotid bifurcation enables prediction of blood flow variation associated with atherosclerotic plaque formation. The phase angle between the arterial wall circumferential strain and its instantaneous wall shear stress is known as stress phase angle (SPA). This parameter is used to evaluate hemodynamic factors of atherogenesis. N...

Endurance exercise training increases arterial baroreflex sensitivity that corresponds to alteration in vessel wall compliance of the carotid artery in elderly men. Here, we examined whether regular endurance exercise increases arterial baroreflex sensitivity through neural alteration of the baroreflex arc in young men. We assessed arterial baroreflex sensitivity in eight sedentary men (age 24 ...

The intracranial arteries play a major role in cerebrovascular disease, but arterial remodeling due to hypertension has not been well described humans. We aimed quantify this for: the basilar artery, vertebral, internal carotid, middle/anterior (inferior)/posterior cerebral, posterior communicating, and superior cerebellar of circle Willis. Ex vivo Willis specimens, selected from individuals wi...

background sphenoid sinus is surrounded by many vital vascular and nervous structures. in more than 20% of patients with chronic sinusitis, involvement of sphenoid sinus has been observed. besides, sphenoid sinus is an appropriate route to access anterior and middle cranial fossa in surgery. therefore, it is important to have an adequate knowledge about the contents of sphenoid sinus and its pr...

B-mode ultrasound is increasingly used in clinical research to study the atherosclerotic process in the carotid arteries. The present investigation evaluated the feasibility of measuring intima-media thickness in the common femoral artery and assessed whether such measurement might provide further information on the extent of the atherosclerotic process in patients with familial hypercholestero...

The numerical simulation has made tremendous advances in investigating the blood flow phenomenon through elastic arteries. Such study can be useful in demonstrating the disease progression and hemodynamics of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. In the present study, patient specific case diagnosed with partially stenosed complete right ICA and normal left carotid bifurcation withou...