A linear-solver preconditioner for the pressure systems in reservoir simulation based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is developed and investigated. The POD approach entails the use of a lower-dimensional space to approximate the original high-dimensional space. Essentially, POD can be considered as a Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) approach. The POD approximation error can be estim...

A reduced order model based on Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) 4D VAR (Four-dimensional Variational) data assimilation for the parabolized Navier–Stokes (PNS) equations is derived. Various approaches of POD implementation of the reduced order inverse problem are studied and compared including an ad-hoc POD adaptivity along with a trust region POD adaptivity. The numerical results obtained...

Three genotypes of alfalfa viz. Medicago sativa (Zhongmu No. 1, Zhongmu No. 2) and M. varia (Caoyuan No. 3) grown in the filed were investigated for the contribution of pod wall and leaves by shading all pods and leaves on July 15, 20 and 25, respectively. Date was recorded for total pod weight (TPW), pod wall weight (PWW), seed weight per pod (SWP), seed number per pod (SNP) and single seed we...

Power electronic devices such as Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), both in shunt and series configuration, are widely used in the power system for power flow control, to increase the loading capability of an existing line and to increase the security of the system by enhancing its transient stability. Among the shunt-connected FACTS controllers family, the Static Synchronous Compensator...

in this research, seeds of iranian carob trees grown wild in kazeroon city (fars province) were used to extract iranian locust bean gum as a seed galactomannan. chemical composition, solubility, and rheological properties of crude and purified gums were investigated and compared with a commercial (sigma) locust bean gum (lbg) sample. chemical composition of the purified iranian lbg was similar ...

Solid-state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the following intact plant tissues were recorded by the crosspolarization magic-angle spinning technique: celery (Apium graveolens L.) collenchyma; carob bean (Ceratonia siliqua L.), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), and nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) endosperm; and lupin (Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl.) seed cotyledons. All th...

The literature on pediatric reflux can be divided into studies addressing clinically apparent reflux (vomiting or regurgitation) and reflux as measured by pH probe or other methods. Sodium alginate reduces vomiting and improves parents' assessment of symptoms (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, small randomized controlled trial [RCT]). Formula thickened with rice cereal decreases the number o...

It has previously been proposed that respiratory CO2 released from the embryo in grain legume pods is refixed by a layer of cells on the inner pod wall. In chickpea this refixation process is thought to be of significance to the seed carbon budget, particularly under drought. In this study it is reported that the excised embryo, seed coat, and pod wall in chickpea are all photosynthetically com...