To differentiate between ectopic ACTH syndrome and Cushing's disease, we examined the gene expression of CRF, POMC and glucocorticoid receptor in pituitary adenomas and in ectopic ACTH-producing tumors. CRF increased plasma ACTH levels in all patients with Cushing's disease and in some patients with ectopic ACTH syndrome whose tumors contained CRF and CRF mRNA. In CRF non-responders, no CRF was...

Background: Carcinoid tumors compose approximately 0.1% of all ovarian carcinomas and can cause carcinoid syndrome and valve disease without metastases due to systemic venous drainage bypassing liver metabolism. Carcinoid valve disease can result in significant clinical heart failure despite it being typically well tolerated clinically. Hypertensive crisis is a potential presentation of carcino...

Primary carcinoid tumors of the nasal cavity and sinuses are exceedingly rare. An accurate histopathological diagnosis is crucial to optimal investigation and management. We present a case of a primary atypical carcinoid tumor arising from the sphenoid rostrum without evidence of associated carcinoid syndrome. This rare but important differential diagnosis of a nasal tumor is discussed and impo...

Carcinoid tumour is a rare entity accounting for less than two percent of bronchial neoplasms. They are rare welldifferentiated, neuro-endocrine tumors, with low-grade malignancy. They are distinguished in two different groups: typical and atypical carcinoid. Typical and atypical carcinoids differ in their biological behavior and prognosis. Atypical bronchial carcinoid tumor is still rare. We r...

The cardiac manifestations of a neuroendocrine tumour are referred to as carcinoid heart disease (CaHD) and are associated with a poor prognosis. Surgical intervention is the only proven therapeutic option and may prolong survival and quality of life. No consensus has been reached internationally with regard to screening for CaHD and the optimal timing for surgery. Although limited evidence is ...

The molecular basis of carcinogenesis in gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors is not well understood. To clarify the contribution of the Wnt/ catenin signaling to this type of carcinogenesis, we investigated 72 cases of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumor both immunohistochemically and by direct sequencing of -catenin. Accumulation of -catenin in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus was observed in 57 cases ...

Carcinoid tumors of the midgut arise from the distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, appendix, ascending and right transverse colon. The appendix and terminal ileum are the most common location. The majority of carcinoid tumors originate from neuroendocrine cells along the gastrointestinal tract, but they are also found in the lung, ovary, and biliary tracts. We report the first case of elective lapa...

We report a case with features of gastric adenocarcinoma colliding with a typical carcinoid component. A 51-year-old female was admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine with complaints of epigastric pain. On physical examination of the patient there was significant epigastric tenderness and the CA19-9 level was higher than the normal titer value. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showe...

AIM The aim of this study is to compare the short-term clinical outcomes between endoscopic submucosal dissection and transanal local excision for rectal carcinoid tumors. METHODS Between 2007 and 2012, 31 patients with rectal carcinoid underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection at our hospital. They were compared with a matched cohort of 23 patients who underwent transanal local excision for...

BACKGROUND Carcinoid tumors rarely arise in the extrahepatic bile duct and can be difficult to distinguish from carcinoma. There are no reports of clear cell carcinoid (CCC) tumors in the distal bile duct (DBD) to the best of our knowledge. Herein, we report a CCC tumor in the DBD and review the literature concerning extrahepatic bile duct carcinoid tumors. CASE PRESENTATION A 73-old man pres...