Portal hypertension is a common clinical syndrome associated with chronic liver diseases, and is characterized by a pathological increase in portal pressure that leads to the formation of portosystemic collaterals resulting in shunting of portal blood into the systemic circulation. The increase in portal pressure is due to an increase in vascular resistance and an elevated portal blood flow. Th...

In this application, we propose to examine the cross-talk between environmental exposures and infectious diseases, which represents a current void in toxicological and environmental health research. The motivation and significance stem from the fact that humans are constantly exposed to not only a vast number of environmental chemicals, but also many disease-causing infectious agents or other i...

Genetically engineered mice (Myf5nLacZ/+, Myf5GFP-P/+) allowing direct muscle satellite cell (SC) visualization indicate that, in addition to being located beneath myofiber basal laminae, SCs are strikingly close to capillaries. After GFP(+) bone marrow transplantation, blood-borne cells occupying SC niches previously depleted by irradiation were similarly detected near vessels, thereby corrobo...

To investigate the hypothesis that acclimatization to altitude would result in a downregulation in muscle Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase pump concentration, tissue samples were obtained from the vastus lateralis muscle of six volunteers (5 males and 1 female), ranging in age from 24 to 35 yr, both before and within 3 days after a 21-day expedition to the summit of Mount Denali, Alaska (6,194 m). Na(+)-K(+)-...

PubMed, EMBASE, Orphanet, MIDLINE, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library were searched for articles published between 1983 and 2015. Relevant articles were selected by using the following terms: "Liver cirrhosis", "Endothelial dysfunction", "Sinusoidal remodeling", "Intrahepatic angiogenesis" and "Pathogenesis of portal hypertension". Then the reference lists of identified articles were searched ...

Diet-induced muscle insulin resistance is associated with expansion of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as collagens, and the expression of collagen-binding integrin, α2β1. Integrins transduce signals from ECM via their cytoplasmic domains, which bind to intracellular integrin-binding proteins. The integrin-linked kinase (ILK)-PINCH-parvin (IPP) complex interacts with the cytoplasmic...

To examine the effects of weight loss on muscle oxidative properties, nine obese subjects (body mass index, 34 +/- 1.5) had muscle biopsies before and after weight loss and weight stabilization. Weight loss ranged from 13-32 kg and represented 20.8 +/- 2.1% of initial weight. After weight loss, there was no change in the proportions of oxidative (type I and type IIa) fibers and also no change i...

This article provides a quantitative mapping of the distribution of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in the nuclei and regions of the brain of the rhesus monkey. It represents one part of a program of systematic mappings of the distribution of various enzymes in the brain. Previous publications described the distribution of succinic dehydrogenase (SD) in guinea pig brain (Friede, '59 a, b; '...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of aerobic retraining as rehabilitation after short-term leg immobilization on leg strength, leg work capacity, leg lean mass, leg muscle fibre type composition and leg capillary supply, in young and older men.Subjects and design: Seventeen young (23 ± 1 years) and 15 older (68 ± 1 [standard error of the mean; SEM] years) men had one leg immobilized for 2 weeks...