What a human’s eye tells a human’s brain? In this paper, we analyze the information capacity of visual attention. Our hypothesis is that the limit of perceptible spatial frequency is related to observing time. Given more time, one can obtain higher resolution that is, higher spatial frequency information, of the presented visual stimuli. We designed an experiment to simulate natural viewing con...

BACKGROUND Health systems interventions, such as capacity-building of health workers, are implemented across districts in order to improve performance of healthcare organisations. However, such interventions often work in some settings and not in others. Local health systems could be visualised as complex adaptive systems that respond variously to inputs of capacity building interventions, depe...

This paper investigates the discrete-time per-sample model of the zero-dispersion optical fiber. It is shown that the capacityachieving input distribution is unique, has (continuous) uniform phase and discrete amplitude with a finite number of mass points. The optimality of this multi-ring input holds when the channel is subject to general input cost constraints that include peak power constrai...

Although mental rotation is a core component of scientific reasoning, little is known about its underlying mechanisms. For instance, how much visual information can someone rotate at once? We asked participants to rotate a simple multipart shape, requiring them to maintain attachments between features and moving parts. The capacity of this aspect of mental rotation was strikingly low: Only one ...

In this paper, we re3ne upper and lower bounds for the channel capacity of a serial, binary rewritable medium in which no consecutive locations may store 1’s and no consecutive locations may be altered during a single rewriting pass. This problem was originally examined by Cohn (Discrete. Appl. Math. 56 (1995) 1) who proved that C, the channel capacity of the memory, in bits per symbol per rewr...

BACKGROUND Expiratory isovolume pressure-flow curves allow determination of flow limitation and airway resistance, but obtaining an isovolume pressure-flow curve requires placing an esophageal balloon. The stop-flow method of obtaining isovolume pressure-flow curves is easy and noninvasive. OBJECTIVE To compare the stop-flow and esophageal-balloon methods by measuring the differences between ...

Challenges to post-conflict leadership in African states highlight the need for democratic capacity building, with clear participatory processes involving communities and the leadership as a necessary condition to mitigate new or resurrected conflicts. This article explores transformational leadership and how it relates to democratic capacity building in Rwanda. We argue that community capacity...

In the present paper we establish the Wiener test for boundary regularity of the solutions to the polyharmonic operator. We introduce a new notion of polyharmonic capacity and demonstrate necessary and sufficient conditions on the capacity of the domain responsible for the regularity of a polyharmonic function near a boundary point. In the case of the Laplacian the test for regularity of a boun...

It has recently been demonstrated that zero correlation of a random multiple-input multiple-output channel is not a guarantee of its high capacity. Degenerate channels exist, which have zero correlation and still low capacity. In this letter, we provide a statistical analysis of this phenomenon, formulate the general condition for a channel to be degenerate, and propose a method to estimate its...