Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasingly recognized among HIV-infected patients, and carefully performed cohort studies show increased relative risk ratios of 1.5–2.0 [1,2]. Moreover, these studies suggest that traditional risk factors, while accounting for some degree of this increase in relative risk, do not account for all or even a major portion of the increased risk [1]. Insights into ...

BACKGROUND Pro-inflammatory monocytes/macrophages may contribute to increased atherosclerosis in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. We investigate--to our knowledge, for the first time--sCD163 and other markers of monocyte activation in relationship to atherosclerotic plaque in HIV-infected patients. METHODS One hundred two HIV-infected and 41 HIV-seronegative men with equi...

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the deposition of senile plaques and progressive dementia. The molecular mechanisms that couple plaque deposition to neural system failure, however, are unknown. Using transgenic mouse models of AD together with multiphoton imaging, we measured neuronal calcium in individual neurites and spines in vivo using the genetically encoded calcium indicator Yello...

535.Ship I. I. and Mickelsen 0. 1964. The effects of calcium andphosphate on dental caries in children: a controlled clini-cal trial. J. dealt. Rcs. 43, 1144 1149.Stephen K. W., Beeley J. A., MacFadyen E. and Bowen W. H. 1973. The effect of calcium glycerophosphate tablets on the composition of plaque from school children. He/u.odont. Acta 17. 54. Abstract.Stookey G. K.,...

We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a scoring balloon catheter in expanding a circumferentially calcified lesion compared to a conventional balloon catheter using an in vitro experiment setting and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this ability using a finite element analysis. True efficacy of the scoring device and the underlying mechanisms for heavily calcified coronary lesions ...

BACKGROUND Both end-stage and milder stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) are associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Several studies found an association between decreasing renal function and increasing coronary artery calcification, but it remains unclear if this association is independent from traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, the aim of this s...

BACKGROUND Although arterial remodeling in atherosclerotic arteries affects luminal patency, the role of plaque components has not been systematically studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Coronary segments (n=2885) were harvested from the hearts of 36 patients who died of severe coronary artery disease after perfusion fixation. Remodeling was determined by morphometric analysis of 657 sections select...

Objective: To determine whether an association exists between adiponectin and plaque composition in human coronary arteries. Research Design and Methods: Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived protein with antiatherogenic and insulin sensitizing properties. To date, the relationship between adiponectin and plaque composition is unknown. Fasting blood samples were collected from 185 patients underg...