Many anesthetics evoke electroencephalogram (EEG) burst suppression activity in humans and animals during anesthesia, and the mechanisms underlying this activity remain unclear. The present study used a rat neocortical brain slice EEG preparation to investigate excitatory synaptic mechanisms underlying anesthetic-induced burst suppression activity. Excitatory synaptic mechanisms associated with...

Synchronized network activity is an essential attribute of the brain. Yet the cellular mechanisms that determine the duration of network bursts are not fully understood. In the present study, synchronized network bursts were evoked by triggering an action potential in a single neuron in otherwise silent microcultures consisting of 4-30 hippocampal neurons. The evoked burst duration, ∼2 s, depen...

in thoracolumbar spinal fractures with posterior column injury for applying proper management, it is important to distinguish a flexion-distraction injury (fdi) from a three column burst fracture (bf) as in clinical examination, both may have a similar significant tenderness on direct spinal palpation. careful attention to the comprehensive clinical examination and detailed imaging features are...

aerial parts of salvia mirzayanii was extracted with methanol. methanol extract was suspended in water and defatted with petroleum ether. the defatted part was then partitioned between ethyl acetate and water. the ethyl acetate partition was chromatographed on a silica gel column to afford several fractions. lymphocyte proliferation inhibitory assay of the resulted fractions was compared in vit...

PURPOSE The merits of laparoscopic sealing devices have been poorly characterized. The purpose of this study was to compare two bipolar sealing devices [LigaSure V (LS) and Gyrus PK (GP)], an ultrasonic device [Harmonic Scalpel ACE (HS)] and a novel device using nanotechnology [EnSeal PTC (ES)]. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ability of all four 5 mm devices to seal 5 mm bovine arteries was tested...

Nucleus raphé obscurus (NRo) modulates hypoglossal (XII) nerve motor output in the in vitro transverse brain stem slice of neonatal rats (1-5 days old); chemical ablation of NRo and its focal CO(2) acidification modulated the bursting rhythm of XII nerves. We microinjected a 4.5 mM solution of kainic acid into the NRo to disrupt cellular activity and observed that XII nerve activity was tempora...

The article deals with the issue of electromagnetic disturbances caused by electromechanical relays. Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is important for reliable work electrical and electronic devices. Our research focused on low-voltage relay, which source fast transients (EFT)/burst disturbances. voltage current waveforms were tested constructed stand while opening relays’ contacts. We inves...