STUDY OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients who are < 2 years of age. DESIGN A retrospective chart review of 18 patients from 1992 to 1999 who had OSA confirmed by polysomnography. All patients in this study also completed a separate night of CPAP polysomnography to determine the effectiveness of CPAP in the c...

BACKGROUND CPAP is frequently used in prehospital and emergency settings. An air-flow output minimum of 60 L/min and a constant positive pressure are 2 important features for a successful CPAP device. Unlike hospital CPAP devices, which require electricity, CPAP devices for ambulance use need only an oxygen source to function. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare on a bench model th...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Changes in sleep parameters and neurobehavioral functioning were systematically investigated after an acute (1 night) and short-term (7 nights) period of withdrawal from continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment and 1 subsequent night of CPAP reintroduction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. DESIGN Repeated-measurement within-subject design. SETTING Sleep l...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate optimal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) level, to examine the factors affecting optimal CPAP level, and to develop a predictive equation for optimal CPAP level in Korean patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). METHODS A total of 202 patients with OSAS who underwent successful manual titration for CPAP treatment were...

STUDY OBJECTIVES The effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is based on raising the intramural pressure above a critical collapsing pressure of the oropharyngeal airway. It is currently unclear whether CPAP delivered orally is also capable of raising pressure in the oropharynx above the critical collapse pressure. DESIGN We ...

BACKGROUND In the main analysis of the Canadian Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) for Patients with Central Sleep Apnea (CSA) and Heart Failure Trial (CANPAP), CPAP had no effect on heart transplant-free survival; however, CPAP only reduced the mean apnea-hypopnea index to 19 events per hour of sleep, which remained above the trial inclusion threshold of 15. This stratified analysis of...

BACKGROUND Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux (nGER) is common in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Small, short-term studies have shown that treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) decreases esophageal acid exposure. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between OSA and nGER, and the effect of CPAP on nGER, in a long-term follow-up study of a large cohort of...

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea has been associated with impaired endothelial function; however, the mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood. Cell-derived microparticles may provide a link between obstructive sleep apnea and endothelial dysfunction. OBJECTIVES This randomized controlled trial aimed to examine the effect of a 2-week withdrawal of continuous posi...

This study aimed to identify pre-treatment and immediate early treatment factors predicting continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) use during the first week of therapy, when the pattern of non-adherence is established. Four domains of potential predictors were examined: pre-treatment demographic and clinical factors, patients' perceived self-efficacy, treatment delivery (mask leak and bothe...

BACKGROUND A simple method for effective bronchodilator aerosol delivery while administering continuing continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) would be useful in patients with severe bronchial obstruction. OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of bronchodilator aerosol delivery during CPAP generated by the Boussignac CPAP system and its optimal humidification system. METHODS First we a...