The basal ganglia (BG) are critical for adaptive motor control, but the circuit principles underlying their pathway-specific modulation of target regions are not well understood. Here, we dissect the mechanisms underlying BG direct and indirect pathway-mediated control of the mesencephalic locomotor region (MLR), a brainstem target of BG that is critical for locomotion. We optogenetically disse...

A prospective randomized long-term follow-up study of bioactive glass (BG)-S53P4 and autogenous bone (AB) used as bone graft substitutes in benign bone tumor surgery during 1993-1997 was conducted. Twenty-one patients (11 in the BG group, 10 in the AB group) participated in a 14-year follow-up. X-rays and MRI scans were obtained, and in the BG group, CT scans were also performed. In the BG grou...

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the level of salt toxicity on four novel chickpea genotypes (BG 372, BG 1105, BG 2019 and BG 2024) under in vitro condition for percentage seed germination and morphogenesis. All the four genotypes were exposed to different concentrations (0, 1, 50, 100 and 150 mM) of NaCl in the Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with or without ben...

Objecttive (s): Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) is among the most natural polymers which have interesting properties such as nontoxic nature, biodegradability and high resistance to bacterial attacks making it applicable for tissue scaffolds, protective clothing, and wound healing.Materials and Methods: In the current work, PVA and Na-Alginate nanocomposite scaffolds were prepared using the electrospinn...

In the last decade, a great deal of research has been aimed at ascertaining the manner in which the basal ganglia (BG) contribute to the control of movement. The formation of workable hypotheses, however, has been limited by the great variety of putative roles reported in the literature. Reported functions have often been in direct conflict. Recent developments, however, provide new perspective...

We define algebraic cobordism of classifying spaces, Ω∗(BG) and G-equivariant algebraic cobordism Ω∗G(−) for a linear algebraic group G. We prove some properties of the coniveau filtration on algebraic cobordism, denoted F (Ω(−)), which are required for the definition to work. We show that G-equivariant cobordism satisfies the localization exact sequence. We calculate Ω(BG) for algebraic groups...

Ten adolescent diabetic children monitored blood glucose (BG) concentrations during a British Diabetic Association holiday camp in Denmark. The range of results was wide but revealed a mean pre-breakfast (fasting) BG of 9-8 mmol/l and a mean BG before the main evening meal of 13-2 mmol/l. Before the evening meal eight of ten children had BG concentrations in excess of 13mmol/l. There wasa signi...

BACKGROUND We intended to analyse the associations between blood glucose (BG) level and clinical outcomes of in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational study in a single medical centre and evaluated patients who experienced IHCA between 2006 and 2014. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to study associations between independent variabl...

Introduction Patients in intensive care units (ICUs) are treated with intravenous (IV) insulin by infusions with the goal of maintaining blood glucose (BG) within a narrow target range. However, as BG is measured intermittently and how the time course of BG concentration changes after altering the insulin infusion rate is unknown. We used an intra-arterial Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) sy...