prenatal stress in rats results in structural, physiological and behavioral alterations that persist in adulthood. serotonin (5-ht) is an important neurotransmitter known to be involved in these prenatal stress-induced behavioral alterations. the aim of the study was to investigate the effects of interrupted synthesis of 5-ht and immobilization stress during different gestational period on brai...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Thorough knowledge of normal neural foundations for cognitive behavioral development is fundamental to understand the mechanisms of both neurodevelopmental disorders and normal adaptation. This review aims at identifying the trends in MRI studies published within the last 18 months illuminating maturational structural brain foundations for normal cognitive behavioral developme...

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF-related neuropeptides have an important role in the central nervous system to mediate behavioral responses to stressors. CRF receptor antagonists are very effective in reversing stress-induced suppression and activation in behavior. An additional CRF-like neuropeptide, urocortin, has been identified in the brain and has a high affinity for the CRF-2 ...

Brain lateralization, critical to mediation of cognitive functions and to "multitasking," is disrupted in conditions such as attention deficit disorder and schizophrenia. Both low-level lead (Pb) exposure and prenatal stress (PS) have been associated with mesocorticolimbic system-mediated executive-function cognitive and attention deficits. Mesocorticolimbic systems demonstrate significant late...

traumatic brain injury (tbi) is an important cause of death and disability in young adults ,and may lead to physical disabilities and long-term cognitive, behavioral psychological and social defects. there is a lack of definite result about the effect of thyroid hormones after traumatic brain injury in the severity and no data about their effect on mortality of the injury. the aim of this study...