BACKGROUND The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to enumerate and describe violent and risky behaviors as well as other general health behaviors exhibited in the advertisements during the National Football League (NFL) Super Bowl 2015. METHODS Commercials during the NFL Super Bowl 2015 were assessed for violent and risky behaviors. Additional health behaviors were indicated such as th...

While strategic stability (Kohlberg and Mertens [4]) is mathematically elegant, it is not yet fully understood when or why it is a reasonable condition on a set of equilibria. Cho and Kreps [ 1, p. 2203 conclude “... if there is an intuitive story to go along with the full strength of stability, it is beyond our powers to offer it here.” Elaborate refinements of Nash equilibrium motivated by co...

The order of stages in a multistage game is often interpreted by looking at earlier stages as involving more long term decisions. For the purpose of making this interpretation precise, the notion of a delay supergame of a bounded multistage game is introduced. A multistage game is bounded if the length of play has an upper bound. A delay supergame is played over many periods. Decisions on all s...

You have just finished a bowl of chicken soup for lunch. As you clean up, you wash out the bowl and throw away the can. A garbage truck will haul the can to the dump where it will lie among other trash. A female fly might lay her eggs in the can, and her offspring might fly from the dump, feed on some decayed food, and then rest on top of someone’s peanut butter sandwich. Each of these interact...

This paper reports a simple self-assembly strategy towards bowl-shaped carbon-containing hollow particles, as well as an unprecedented potential application for block copolymer vesicles in energy storage. Kippah vesicles (fully collapsed vesicles), formed by solution self-assembly of an amphiphilic polystyreneblock-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer, were employed as the template to guide the...