Pedigree Breeding: We created a backcross pedigree between the Belgian Waterslager (BWS) and Border canary strains (Supplementary Figure 1) using a breeding design similar to one previously used to analyze inheritance of song learning in the German Roller strain (Mundinger 1999). The male and female founder BWS canaries came from Holland and Belgium, respectively, and the Border stock from Engl...

We provide the first evidence on the causal effect of border enforcement on the full spatial distribution of Mexican immigrants to the United States. We address the endogeneity of border enforcement with an instrumental variables strategy based on administrative delays in budgetary allocations for border security. We find that 1,000 additional Border Patrol officers assigned to prevent unauthor...

Cross-border banking has long been an important part of the trend towards increased globalization and financial integration. In terms of this paper, cross-border banking refers to both cross-border capital flows as well crossborder entry in banking. Cross-border capital flows have been for long important drivers of financial integration. Particularly in the form of crossborder entry, cross-bord...

In visual area V2 of the macaque monkey callosal cells accumulate in finger-like bands that extend 7-8 mm from the V1/V2 border, or approximately half the width of area V2. The present study investigated whether or not callosal connections in area V2 link loci that are located at the same distance from the V1/V2 border in both hemispheres. We analyzed the patterns of retrograde labeling in V2 r...

2 The U.S.–Mexico border is experiencing an era of unparalleled trade and exchange. But at a time when legal flows of goods and people are at historical highs, so are illegal cross-border flows of undocumented migrants. Illegal immigration from Mexico became more common in the late 1960s, following the end of the Bracero Program in 1964. The Bracero Program allowed Mexican guest workers to work...

In this paper, we define a border operator for generalized maps, a data structure for representing cellular quasi-manifolds. The interest of this work lies in the optimization of homology computation, by using a model with less cells than models in which cells are regular ones as tetrahedra and cubes. For instance, generalized maps have been used for representing segmented images. We first defi...

Emphasizing the importance of cross-border effectiveness in the contemporary globalized world, we propose that cultural intelligence—the leadership capability to manage effectively in culturally diverse settings—is a critical leadership competency for those with cross-border responsibilities. We tested this hypothesis with multisource data, including multiple intelligences, in a sample of 126 S...

Single-cell recordings from macaque visual cortex have shown orientation-selective neurons in area in V2 code for border ownership [J. Neurosci. 20, 6594 (2000)]: Each piece of contrast border is represented by two pools of neurons whose relative firing rate indicates the side of border ownership. Here we show that the human visual cortex uses a similar coding scheme by demonstrating a border-o...

Traditionally, the role of Customs and other border management agencies has been the ‘gatekeeper of the border’. This article identifies that the collaborative border management (CBM) approach can, if properly designed, implemented and adequately resourced, deliver a range of benefits to government and the private sector. Agencies and the international community need to work together to achieve...

2 The U.S.–Mexico border is experiencing an era of unparalleled trade and exchange. But at a time when legal flows of goods and people are at historical highs, so are illegal cross-border flows of undocumented migrants. Illegal immigration from Mexico became more common in the late 1960s, following the end of the Bracero Program in 1964. The Bracero Program allowed Mexican guest workers to work...