Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is the major cause of human neonatal infections. A single clone, designated CC17-GBS, accounts for more than 80% meningitis cases, most severe form infection. However, events allowing blood-borne GBS to penetrate brain remain largely elusive. In this study, we identified host transmembrane receptors ?5?1 and ?v?3 integrins as ligands Srr2, a CC17-GBS–specific adhesin...

BACKGROUND The global emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) has highlighted the importance of mosquito-borne viruses. These are inoculated in vector saliva into the vertebrate skin and circulatory system. Arthropod-borne (arbo)viruses such as WNV are transmitted to vertebrates as an infectious mosquito probes the skin for blood, depositing the virus and saliva into the skin and circulation. Growin...

background : drug injection is one of the most significant risk factors for viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. the present study was performed to evaluate the frequency of hepatitis b (hbv) and hiv infection in idus and to identify the risk factors of these infections in this group in a central city of iran, shahre-kord. methods : this study was conducted in 2004 ...

background and aims. blood-borne infections such as hepatitis b, hepatitis c and hiv might be transmitted from one individual to another during dental procedures. therefore, sterilization and personal protection procedures are of utmost significance in dental offices. the importance of awareness of cross-infection and antiseptic principles lies in the fact that in most cases it is not possible ...

Copyright: © 2013. The Authors. Licensee: AOSIS OpenJournals. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License. Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the most easily transmitted blood-borne pathogen and is an occupational hazard for health care workers (HCWs). Despite the fact that infection is preventable through vaccination and post-exposure immunoglobulin thera...

The identification in the UK of 4 v-CJD infected patients thought to be due to the use of transfused Red Blood Cell units prepared from blood of donors incubating v-CJD raised major concerns in transfusion medicine. The demonstration of leucocyte associated infectivity using various animal models of TSE infection led to the implementation of systematic leuco-depletion (LD) of Red Blood cells co...

We determined the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in domestic dogs using microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. A total of 303 EDTA blood samples were collected from domestic dogs in Khon Kaen Province, Thailand, in May 2013. Microscopic observation of Giemsa-stained smears and molecular diagnosis using conventional PCR were performed. Infected dogs were treated with imid...

Background and Aims: This study was the trends of Hepatitis B infection among Iranian blood donors which was analyzed in a period of 10 years. Materials and Methods: In a period of 10 years, from 2001 through 2010, a total of 16,264,830 donations from 30 regional and 35 local blood services were screened. All blood samples were tested for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) by commercial avail...

Background HCV is the most common chronic blood-borne pathogen in the United States. About 78 percent of individuals who test positive for anti-HCV antibody have detectable hepatitis C virus in their blood, indicating chronic HCV infection. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimated that there were 16,000 new cases of acute HCV infection in 2009. HCV infection was associated...

Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne infection which is endemic in Southeast Asia. Although it has not been distributed in Iran, locating near other countries where the Dengue has been revealed is a threat for Iran because different connection between countries may increase the rate of infection.