11 fungi sampled from Quercus acorns with symptoms of black rot and mummification and from necrotic twigs of Q. petraea were tested for pathogenicity towards seedlings of Q. petraea, Q. robur and Q. rubra in a field experiment. Six months after inoculation, necrosis on the main stem and the subsequent death of Q. robur and Q. petraea plants were observed after inoculation with Aureobasidium pul...

Young New Zealand Black (NZB) mice manifested extremely high resistance to the lethal effects of acute exposures to ionizing radiation, with a dose necessary to kill 50% of the animals within 30 days, LD(50(30)), of 964 roentgens (R) at 30 days of age and of 856 R for 90-day-old mice. In contrast, Coombs' positive 9-month-old NZB mice (with low primary immune response) were highly susceptible (...

Phytophthora pathogens are responsible for some of the most serious diseases of cocoa including phytophthora pod rot (PPR) or black pod, stem canker, leaf and seedling blight, chupon wilt and flower cushion infections. PPR causes 10–30% annual losses in production of cocoa beans globally, and much higher losses locally in particularly wet and humid conditions. Stem canker causes further losses ...

Teleosts comprise about half of all vertebrate species and exhibit an extraordinary diversity of adult pigment patterns that function in shoaling, camouflage, and mate choice and have played important roles in speciation. Here, we review studies that have identified several distinct neural crest lineages, with distinct genetic requirements, that give rise to adult pigment cells in fishes. These...

purpose: to separate and characterize orbital fat-derived stem cells (ofscs) and compare its cellular and molecular properties with those of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) and adipose-derived stem cells (ascs). methods: stem cells from orbital fat, abdominal fat and bone marrow aspirates have been isolated. we assessed stem cell specific cell surface markers using cytometry, ...