We used in vitro callus and shoot cultures as target material for genetic transformation of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) by particle bombardment. Cultivation of in vitro shoot cultures before particle bombardment and a long selection period, combined with a high concentration of selective agent after bombardment, led to the production of transformed plantlets that were stable, and no esca...

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) reduces allergen specific IgE (sIgE) levels and achieves clinical and immunological tolerance by modulating innate and adaptive immunological responses. Increased temperature and CO2 concentrations caused by climate changes contribute to an increase of pollen count and allergenicity that influences clinical SIT outcomes. In this study, we investigated the c...

Pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is a relatively rare form of food allergy which develops in individuals who are sensitized to pollen. Tree pollens, especially birch pollen, frequently induce PFAS; however, the incidence of PFAS due to grass or weed pollens such as ragweed or mugwort is relatively rare. Mugwort-mustard allergy syndrome (MMAS) is an example of a PFAS in which individuals sens...

Patients and methods A 26 year old female patient developed erythema, swelling of the ears and pruritus within 10 min after ingestion of pomegranate. She is allergic to birch pollen and apple. Prick and IgE tests revealed a positive reaction to mites, tree and grass pollen, ambrosia, mugwort and apple. Scratch test was positive for pomegranate, the seeds showing a stronger reaction than the jui...

The recent warming trend, and associated shifts in growing season length, challenge the principle of uniformitarianism, i.e., that current relations are persistent over time, complicates uncritical inferences past climate from tree-ring data. Here we conduct a comparison between width chronologies Pinus sylvestris L. (Scots pine), Picea abies (L.) Karst. (Norway spruce) Betula pubescens Ehrh. (...

A process-based ecosystem model was used to assess the impacts of changing climate on net photosynthesis and total stem wood growth in relation to water availability in two unmanaged Norway spruce (Picea abies) dominant stands with a mixture of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and birch (Betula sp.). The mixed stands were grown over a 100-year rotation (2000-99) in southern and northern Finland wi...

The relationships between the spatial locations and attributes of trees and the abundance of individual ground vegetation species, were studied on a large database from the 1985-86 National Forest Inventory of Finland. The influence potential, derived from ecological field theory, was used as an index to quantify the effect of a tree species, and the percentage cover was applied as a measure of...

Objective. The study of anthropogenic impact on environmental components, primarily woody and shrub plants, which are the main medium-forming element in natural artificial ecosystems, is relevant. subject this was ecological biological state plants under conditions technogenic stress.
 Materials methods. article presents results a life plants. For this, test plots were laid territory sanit...

It is estimated that pollen allergies affect approximately 40% of allergic individuals. In general, tree pollen allergies are mainly elicited by allergenic trees belonging to the orders Fagales, Lamiales, Proteales, and Pinales. Over 25 years ago, the gene encoding the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 was the first such gene to be cloned and its product characterized. Since that time, 53 tre...