Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is a synthetic chemical widely used as substitute for henna permanent hair dye because it gives natural look to the and dyed can also be shampooed or permed without losing colour. However, intermediate partially oxidized form of PPD reported cause adverse reactions in people. Effects sublethal concentrations zebra fish were examined 15 days following exposure chemical...

Owing to various industrial applications of mercury (Hg), its release into the environment at high concentration is becoming a great threat living organisms on global scale. Human exposure Hg greatly correlated with contamination in food chain through cereal crops and sea foods. Since non-essential component does not possess biological role exhibits carcinogenic genotoxic behaviour, biomonitori...

Nanoparticles from the rapidly increasing number of consumer products that contain manufactured nanomaterials are being discharged into waste streams. Increasing evidence suggests that several classes of nanomaterials may accumulate in sludge derived from wastewater treatment and ultimately in soil following land application as biosolids. Little research has been conducted to evaluate the impac...

A sediment quality survey was conducted in the Florida Panhandle (Panhandle) over a period of 10 years (1992 to 2001). The survey examined which dioxin and furan compounds may be present in sediments of the bay systems, their locations, and concentrations. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) collected and analyzed 29 sediment samples from 6 bay systems across the Panhandle. Risk associated...

In this paper, we review contaminants in bowhead whale tissues. Mean concentrations of metals (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Pb, Mg, Mn, Hg, Mo, Se, Ag, and Zn) studied in bowhead whale liver, blubber, epidermis, muscle, and kidney are low or normal compared to most mysticete species. From a consumption or subsistence perspective the kidney represents a source of cadmium (Cd) requiring further scrutiny, whil...

Seven species of teleost fishes comprising major prey of northwest Atlantic harbor seals were analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). PBDE concentrations in whole fish samples (n=87) were compared with those measured previously in harbor seal blubber to evaluate the transfer of PBDEs from prey to predator. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) concentrations were measured in three fish spe...

An eastern Arctic marine food web was analyzed for perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS, C8F17SO3-), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA, C7F15COO-), perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA, C8F17SO2NH2), and N-ethylperfluorooctane sulfonamide (N-EtPFOSA, C8F17SO2NHCH2CH3) to examine the extent of bioaccumulation. PFOS was detected in all species analyzed, and mean concentrations ranged from 0.28 +/- 0.09 ng/g (arit...

Heavy metal metals are non-biodegradable, have a remarkable ability to transfer through food chains and are potentially toxic for organisms.They are introduced tomarine environment via different anthropogenic sources. In this study, the ability of titanium dioxide nano-particle in transfer of Cr, Cu, Pb and Se metal through an aquatic food chain involving Ceratium tripos as the phytoplankton Da...

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is a pesticide that was commonly used for decades worldwide. The use of DDT banned in the 1970s and 1980s Europe because its high toxicity persistence environment, bioaccumulation living organisms biomagnification through food webs. However, monitoring using both invasive non-invasive methods has routinely reported occurrence metabolites such as dichlorodip...