Synthetic biologists seek to engineer complex biological systems composed of modular elements. Achieving higher complexity in engineered biological organisms will require manipulating numerous systems of biological regulation: transcription; RNA interactions; protein signalling; and metabolic fluxes, among others. Exploiting the natural modularity at each level of biological regulation will pro...

recent developments in medicine have given us a better insight into a group of disorders known as autoimmune diseases. in particular, advances have occurred in our understanding of the autoimmune inner ear disease (aied). in this article, the authors review the different postulated theories in the pathogenesis of this disease. the clinical presentation, the available para-clinical diagnostic to...

DNA sequence analysis is undertaken in many biological research laboratories. The workflow consists of several steps involving the bioinformatic processing of biological data. We have developed a suite of web-based online bioinformatic tools to assist with processing, analysis and curation of DNA sequence data. Most of these tools are genome-agnostic, with two tools specifically designed for he...

Objective(s): The introduction of nucleic acids into cells for therapeutic objectives is significantly hindered by the size and charge of these molecules and therefore requires efficient vectors that assist cellular uptake. For several years great efforts have been devoted to the study of development of recombinant vectors based on biological domains with potential applications in gene therapy....

Chemical physics as a discipline contributes many experimental tools, algorithms, and fundamental theoretical models that can be applied to biological problems. This is especially true now as the molecular level and the systems level descriptions begin to connect, and multi-scale approaches are being developed to solve cutting edge problems in biology. In some cases, the concepts and tools got ...

Oligonucleotide and cDNA microarrays are highthroughput techniques that compare the mRNA expression of a large group of genes in different cells or experimental conditions. The final output of a microarray data analysis is a list of codes identifying differentially expressed transcripts. Interactions among genes, however, are not adequately represented by a list of codes. Therefore, the followi...

Research in systems biology has made available large amounts of data about interactions among cell building blocks (e.g., proteins, genes). To properly look up these data and mine useful information, the design and development of automatic tools has become crucial. These tools leverage Biological Networks as a formal model to encode molecular interactions. Biological networks can be fed as inpu...

In the past, the huge and profitable interaction between Pattern Recognition and biology/bioinformatics was mainly unidirectional, namely targeted at applying PR tools and ideas to analyse biological data. In this paper we investigate an alternative approach, which exploits bioinformatics solutions to solve PR problems: in particular, we address the 2D shape classification problem using classic...

A sensitive monitoring of biological analytes, such as biomolecules (protein, lipid, DNA and RNA), and biological cells (blood cell, virus and bacteria), is essential to assess and avoid risks for human health. Nanobiosensors, analytical devices that combine a biologically sensitive element with a nanostructured transducer, are being widely used for molecular detection of biomarkers associated ...