Safety cases are now regularly used to communicate the argument about the achievement of acceptable levels of safety for safety critical systems. Increasingly, safety standards such as Defence Standard 00-56 require the scope of the safety case to cover not only the development of the system, but also operating and maintenance through life, including decommissioning. This involves two dimension...

In previous papers, we asserted that software system safety is primarily concerned with epistemic questions, that is, questions concerning knowledge and the degree of confidence that can be placed in that knowledge. We also enumerated a set of 21 foundational epistemic questions, discussed some of the difficulties that exist in answering these questions adequately today, and speculated briefly ...

This paper provides a summary review of the major biological features concerning the essential oil of turpentine, its origin and use in traditional and modern medicine. More precisely, the safety of this volatile fraction to human health, and the medical, biological and environmental effects of the two major compounds of this fraction (αand β-pinenes) have been discussed.

Cell-based treatment represents a new generation in the evolution of biological therapeutics. A prototypic cell-based therapy, the mesenchymal stem cell, has successfully entered phase III pivotal trials for heart failure, signifying adequate enabling safety and efficacy data from phase I and II trials. Successful phase III trials can lead to approval of a new biological therapy for regenerativ...

OBJECTIVES To review the evidence for the efficacy and safety of biological agents in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to provide data to develop treatment recommendations by the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) Task Force. METHODS Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for relevant articles on infliximab (IFX), etanercept (ETN), adalimumab (ADA), certolizumab-p...

Applying tactical clinical ethics in rescue efforts following disasters is often complicated by chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or explosive devices that can compromise safety of personnel the field.

INTRODUCTION Antipsychotic (AP) safety has been widely investigated. However, mechanisms underlying AP-associated pneumonia are not well-defined. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the known mechanisms of AP-associated pneumonia through a systematic literature review, confirm these mechanisms using an independent data source on drug targets and attempt to identify novel AP drug targ...

background and objectives: medical errors and adverse events have recently turned into one of the predominant concerns of health-policy makers and health services providers. promoting safety culture is fundamental to sustainable safety improvement in healthcare settings. the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of training on nurses’ attitudes towards safety culture.   methods: a cro...

introduction: patient safety culture is an important part of improvement in the safety of health care. knowing its present status is required for development of safety culture. the present study aimed to evaluate the current status of patient safety culture in hospitals of three central provinces of iran. method: the present cross-sectional study was performed in teaching hospitals of tehran, a...