The unabated silicon technology scaling makes design and manufacturing increasingly harder in nanometer VLSI. On one hand, major design objectives such as timing, power, and noise are often conflicting with each other in modern designs with multi-million gates, resulting in complex design closure. On the other hand, design closure no longer guarantees historical yield norm, requiring ever-chall...

the aim of the present study was to assess the bio-trickling filter startup for the treatment ofwastewater produced by pegah dairy company at psychrophilic condition. the startup time of a bio-tricklingfilter is directly proportional to the concentration of microbial population. abio-trickling column with a height of150 cm was packed with lava rocks with the liquid recirculated through the pack...

an aqueous extract of pimpinella anisum was used for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by bio reduction of an aqueous solution of silver nitrate. silver nanoparticles were characterized by uv–vis spectrometry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir), x-ray diffraction (xrd) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (sem) and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (edax). the increase in abs...

bio-directed synthesis of nanoparticles is an interesting field of rapid advancement for biologists,chemists and materials scientists, especially in light of efforts to find out green methods of inorganicmaterial synthesis. in the present study, green synthesis of platinum nanoparticles (ptnps) using sheepmilk is reported for the first time. by adjusting the concentrations of chloroplatinic aci...

Soil is the main component in agroecosystem besides water, microbial communities, and cultivated plants. Several problems face soil, including soil pollution, erosion, salinization, degradation on a global level. Many approaches have been applied to overcome these issues, such as phyto-, bio-, nanoremediation through different management tools. Mushrooms can play vital role bio-nanoremediation,...

The marvellous and versatile properties of synthetic plastics make them an indispensable part human lives. But in the recent years, plastic pollution has become biggest environmental concern for whole world globally. Environmental distress over associated with a rising debate fossil fuel dependence abatement have brought attention researchers towards finding suitable alternative to i.e., biopla...

Hollow mesoporous-SiO2 nanocapsules have been synthesized at room temperature using unmodified cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV) as a template, and without using any catalyst or surfactant during the synthesis. The average size of the capsules synthesized was ∼200-250 nm with a 60-100 nm hollow core. The resulting nanocapsules were characterized using high resolution transmission electron microscopy (...