This paper presents the development and validation of a novel multi-sensory wearable system (Personal Automatic Cigarette Tracker v2 or PACT2.0) for monitoring of cigarette smoking in free-living conditions. The contributions of the PACT2.0 system are: (1) the implementation of a complete sensor suite for monitoring of all major behavioral manifestations of cigarette smoking (lighting events, h...

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging sensors realize label free, real-time, highly sensitive, quantitative, high throughput biological interaction monitoring and the binding profiles from multi-analytes further provide the binding kinetic parameters between different bio-molecules. In the past two decades, SPR imaging sensors found rapid increasing applications in fundamental biological stud...

Underwater environment is the new frontier for major future discovery for the benefits of the world at large. The vastness of the oceans mirrored the vast potentials that lie beneath it. In order for scientist and researchers to explore these vast resources, newer and better sensing technology is pertinent. Of course, any sensor module would not be of any use if there are no reliable platforms ...

Background It has been established that bio-active peptides may provide improved health, muscular performance and immune function. Enhancements in athletic performance and gains in lean muscle mass have also been reported with training. While the safety of bio-active peptides has been previously reported, it was the purpose of this investigation to examine the specific effects of a commercial b...

The paper proposes a new approach to model a bio-environmental surveillance network as synchronous network systems, systems consist of components running simultaneously. In the network, bio-environmental factors compose a physical system of which executions proceed concurrently in synchronous rounds. This system is synchronized with a synchronous wireless sensor network, the observation network...

Self-organization has become an intensely researched area, being considered the new control system science. Different self-organizing algorithms (bio and non-bio inspired) have been developed by scientist worldwide with general applicability in autonomous systems, multi-robot systems, autonomic networking, sensor and actor networks and mobile ad hoc networks. This paper presents a comparative a...

This paper proposes and describes a design of an integrated refractive index sensor for (bio-) chemical sensing applications based on a U-shape bend waveguide structure. The proposed structure is formed by connecting four-bend waveguides and optimized using beam propagation method so that the output power has a function of refractive index of measurand liquid. The results show that the designed...

Insects are able to convert organic material (i.e. waste and by products) into high-quality biomass, which can be processed animal feed. Several studies have investigated the influence of growing substrates on nutritional value different insect species, particularly black soldier fly larvae prepupae. This article reviews how insects bioconvert substrates, effect substrate composition meals, dev...

A fluidized bed reactor that is operating in the bubbling regime has been developed for the conversion of bio-oils to syngas.The reactor consists of a 7.6 cm I.D. (or internal diameter) bed, with an expanded freeboard. The volume of the reactor can be adjusted to vary the gas residence time. This reactor has been used to carry out either thermal or catalytic cracking for reforming bio-oils.A ga...