The Sustainable Sanitation System is a new wastewater treatment system that incorporates a non-flushing toilet (Bio-toilet) that converts excreta into a reusable resource (as fertilizer or humus for organic agriculture) and reduces the pollution load to environments of the rivers, the lakes, and the sea. However, the risk of exposure to pathogens should be considered, because excrement is store...

The Indian Railways have been widely chastised for dumping human waste on railway tracks, which pollutes the environment and makes life difficult. are working hard to solve this problem by developing environmentally friendly toilet facilities. bio toilets were adopted handle in an manner. However, due failure of these bio-digesters a variety causes, new problems arisen, so paper outlines issues...

the study compared economic efficiency among smallholder farmers who practiced low external input technology [leit] and high external input technology [heit] agriculture in a harsh macroeconomic environment typified by inadequate fertilizer subsidy in imo state, nigeria. cross sectional data generated from 160 smallholder farmers randomly selected from 2 out of the 3 agricultural zones in imo s...

Soil application of biogas residues (BGRs) is important for closing nutrient cycles. This study examined the efficiency and impact on yields and yield formation of solid-liquid separated residues from biodegradable municipal and industrial wastes (bio-waste) in comparison to complete BGRs, nitrification inhibitor, agricultural BGRs, mineral fertilizer and unfertilized plots as control. The expe...