This article introduces and applies the concept of “physical-equivalent privacy” to evaluate appropriateness data collection about library patrons’ use library-provided e-resources. It po...

Over the last decade, wireless communication networks have achieved many major successes and emerged as the key technology for enabling ubiquitous access to information. However, several challenges remain, energy-efficiency being one of the most notable. At the same time, biological systems are well known to be extremely energy efficient. From the brain that performs outstandingly complex tasks...

The marine antifouling and fouling-release performance of titanium surfaces coated with a bio-inspired polymer was investigated. The polymer consisted of methoxy-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG) conjugated to the adhesive amino acid l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and was chosen based on its successful resistance to protein and mammalian cell fouling. Biofouling assays for the settle...

The end-Permian mass extinction constituted the most devastating biotic crisis of the Phanerozoic. Its aftermath was characterized by harsh marine conditions incorporating volcanically induced oceanic warming, widespread anoxia and acidification. Bio-productivity accordingly experienced marked fluctuations. In particular, low palaeolatitude hard substrate communities from shallow seas fringing ...

The applications of lipase immobilized on ceramic beads and entrapped in sol-gel matrix, in the production of bio-diesel from waste cooking oil, are compared to that of free lipase. Experimental determination of the effect of molar equivalent of methanol, to moles of ester bond in the triglyceride, on the rate of the enzymatic trans-esterification was experimentally determined. It was found tha...