Epigenetic mechanisms provide a memory for cells to remember their gene expression pattern and therefore their identity. When this cellular memory fails it can lead to perturbed development or disease. The implications of epigenetic research for human biology and health, including stem cells, cancer and ageing, are far reaching and may be of major importance in the postgenomic era. The new netw...

PURPOSE To determine tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of PD-0325901, a highly potent, selective, oral mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase 1/2 inhibitor in advanced cancer patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Sixty-six patients received PD-0325901 at doses from 1 mg once daily to 30 mg twice daily (BID). Cycles were 28 days; three ad...

OBJECTIVE Evaluate the efficacy and safety of asenapine 2.5 mg twice daily (bid; n=97) or 5 mg bid (n=113) versus placebo (n=101) in adults with acute exacerbation of schizophrenia. METHODS Adults with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) schizophrenia diagnosis were randomized to asenapine 2.5 mg bid, 5 mg bid, placebo, or olanzapin...

BACKGROUND Imepitoin was tested as a combination treatment with phenobarbital in an open-label mono-centre cohort study in dogs with drug-resistant epilepsy. Diagnosis of idiopathic epilepsy was based on clinical findings, magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Three cohorts were treated. In cohort A, dogs not responding to phenobarbital with or without established add-on ...

Instead of the costly encryption algorithms traditionally employed in auction schemes, efficient Goldwasser-Micali encryption is used to design a new sealed-bid auction. Multiplicative homomorphism instead of the traditional additive homomorphism is exploited to achieve security and high efficiency in the auction. The new scheme is the currently known most efficient non-interactive sealed-bid a...

We analyze simultaneous ascending bid auctions with multiple objects in which bidders can be budget constrained. The presence of budget constraints shrinks the equilibrium set. A family of equilibria with a high degree of competition, as well as a family of equilibria with a high degree of collusion, disappear. When the budget available to each bidder is private information then even a very sma...

AIMS To assess treatment satisfaction and weight-related quality of life (QOL) in subjects with Type 2 diabetes treated with exenatide once weekly (QW) or twice daily (BID). METHODS In this 52-week randomized, multi-centre, open-label study, 295 subjects managed with diet and exercise and/or oral glucose-lowering medications received either exenatide QW or BID during weeks 1-30; thereafter, s...

We formally derive the standard deterministic linear program (LP) for bid-price control by making an affine functional approximation to the optimal dynamic programming value function. This affine functional approximation gives rise to a new LP that yields tighter bounds than the standard LP. Whereas the standard LP computes static bid prices, our LP computes a time trajectory of bid prices. We ...

The auction scheme that provides receipt-freeness, prevents the bidders from bid-rigging by the coercers. Bid-rigging is a dangerous attack in electronic auction. This happen if the bidder gets a receipt of his bidding price, which proves his bidding prices, from the auction protocol. The coercers used to force the bidders to disclose their receipts and hence bidders lose the secrecy of their b...

Plasma ketoconazole (KETO), amprenavir (APV), and ritonavir (RTV) pharmacokinetics were evaluated in 15 healthy subjects after being treated with KETO at 200 mg once daily (QD), fosamprenavir (FPV)/RTV at 700/100 mg twice daily (BID), and then KETO at 200 mg QD plus FPV/RTV at 700/100 mg BID in this open-label study. The KETO area under the concentration-time curve at steady state was increased...