Resistant cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a waterborne Pseudomonas sp. (strain Z-R) were able to multiply in nitrogen-free minimal salts solution containing various concentrations of commercially prepared, ammonium acetate-buffered benzalkonium chloride (CBC), a potent antimicrobial agent. As the CBC concentration increased, growth increased until a point was reached at which the extent of ...

The mechanisms by which bacteria resist killing by antibiotics and biocides are still poorly defined, although repeated exposure to sublethal concentrations of antibacterial agents undoubtedly contributes to their development. This study aimed both to investigate the potential of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157 for adaptive resistance to commonly used biocides and to determine any...

Gale, Glen R. (Veterans Administration Hospital, Durham, N.C.) Cytology of Candida albicans as influenced by drugs acting on the cytoplasmic membrane. J. Bacteriol. 86:151-157. 1963.-An electron microscopic comparison was made of the cytological responses of Candida albicans to benzalkonium chloride, amphotericin B, and filipin, all of which are thought to exert their primary pharmacological ac...

BACKGROUND A new technique, cutaneous field stimulation (CFS), which activates electrically unmyelinated C-fibers, is used to treat localized itch. Its action is similar to that of capsaicin, the pungent agent in hot peppers, which enhances delayed allergic reactions. The aim of the study was to investigate how experimental contact dermatitis responds to CFS. METHODS Twelve patients with cont...

TREATMENT of bleeding esophageal varices remains a difficult problem. A significant number of patients with this condition are not suitable for emergency portasystemic venous shunt operations. Recent reports describe the usefulness of dilated umbilical veins in humans as an entry to the portal system for hepatoportography.1 7,8 XWhite,13 Piccone,9 and Christophersen 2 and co-workers used the um...

A-16686, a new glycoproteide antibiotic from Actinoplanes sp., was evaluated as a potential antiplaque agent in comparison with chlorhexidine, benzalkonium chloride, and cetylpyridinium chloride. A-16686 had good activity against gram-positive organisms associated with dental plaque (various streptococci, Streptococcus mutans in particular, lactobacilli, Actinomyces viscosus, and Actinomyces na...

To drug-free urine specimens, we added the following drugs of abuse to give concentrations twice the cutoff value for positive test results: 11-nor-9-carboxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-carboxy-THC), oxazepam, secobarbital, morphine, benzoylecgonine, amphetamine, or phencyclidine (PCP). Visine was then added. Although measured concentrations of several drugs were decreased in the presence o...

The global gene expression and biomolecular composition in an Escherichia coli model strain exposed to 10 adverse conditions (sodium chloride, ethanol, glycerol, hydrochloric and acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, heat (46 degrees C), and cold (15 degrees C), as well as ethidium bromide and the disinfectant benzalkonium chloride) were determined using DNA microarrays and Fourier transform infrared ...

A storage test on chlorhexidine gluconate (0.004%) in aqueous or simulated contact lens solutions, conducted for 6 months in various containers, suggested [l] that loss of activity by a surface adsorption process was occurring. It has been reported [2] that contact lens solutions containing chlorhexidine gluconate (0.~5%) stored at room temperature in the dark for 6 months in polypropylene, pol...