BACKGROUND Although advances in the reduction of maternal mortality have been made, up to 273,000 women will die this year from obstetric etiologies. Obstructed labor (OL), most commonly treated with Caesarean delivery, has been identified as a major contributor to global maternal morbidity and mortality. We used economic and epidemiological modeling to estimate the cost per disability-adjusted...

BACKGROUND Recently, a strategy for treating stroke directly at the emergency site was developed. It was based on the use of an ambulance equipped with a scanner, a point-of-care laboratory, and telemedicine capabilities (Mobile Stroke Unit). Despite demonstrating a marked reduction in the delay to thrombolysis, this strategy is criticized because of potentially unacceptable costs. METHODS We...

BACKGROUND In the English NHS, Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) are required to commission health services, to maximise the well-being of the population, subject to the available budget. There are numerous techniques employed to make decisions, some more rational and transparent than others. A weighted benefit score can be used to rank options but this does not take into account value for money from ...

When an individual thinks about a problem, his decision to reason further may involve a tradeoff between cognitive costs and a notion of value. But it is not obvious that this is always the case, and the value of reasoning is not well-defined. This paper analyzes the primitive properties of the reasoning process that must hold for the decision to stop thinking to be represented by a cost-benefi...

OBJECTIVES Use of cost-benefit analysis in occupational health increases insight into the intervention strategy that maximises the cost-benefit ratio. This study presents a methodological framework identifying the most important elements of a cost-benefit analysis for occupational health settings. One of the main aims of the methodology is to evaluate cost-benefit ratios for different stakehold...

We determined that siderophore production is an appropriate cooperative trait for our experiment.Wemeasured the growth rates of a wild-type strain that produces the primary siderophore, pyoverdin (cooperator), and a mutant strain that does not (cheater), either when alone or in mixed cultures where the other strainwas present, and at a variety of iron availabilities. Both strains were grown ove...

COTS procurement processes do not consider the costs imposed on users when they have to customise products. This paper presents a framework for investigating the costs and perceived benefits for users in accepting COTS products and argues that cost-benefit analysis from the user perspective should be an important part of the product procurement process. The framework describes different types o...

In a natural resources management context, cost benefit analysis involves subtracting the monetary costs of a development from the monetary value of all the benefits generated by the same development to obtain a net monetary benefit or cost for the proposed activity. "Benefits" or "costs" for various management or land use options for a particular area can be compared. Usually the method with t...

the continuous improvement of eaf performance is crucial for the increase in productivity and cost effectiveness and to render an environmental friendly process. rhi supports these targets by providing a diverse range of refractory and process solutions. chemical energy in practical operation by injection of gaseous media like oxygen and natural gas, and solid materials like carbon have become ...

OBJECTIVE We sought to explore the patient-specific cost-effectiveness in a community-based sample for a therapy for which the average cost-effectiveness in a clinical trial has been well-described. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING Based on a validated multivariate model, we generated predictions of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of t-PA compared to streptokinase on 921 consecutive patients...