Acknowledgments I dedicate my dissertation work to my loving family for motivating and supporting me throughout my life. I would like to thank my advisor, Professor Cyrus Shahabi. He has been a true mentor during my PhD; from whom, I have learned innumerable thing. In addition, I would also like to thank my PhD guidance committee members for their valuable feedback and being a part of my story....

nezami, is one of the greatest story-teller poets of persian literature whose poems are always followed and welcomed by other poets. zaari, a kurdish poet, is one of those who has translated nezami's  “leyli-va-majnun” poem into kurdish language.     in this paper, “leyli-va majnun” of both zaari and nezami have been comparatively studied and our research is conducted in three parts: elisi...

devotedness and honesty of intentions are adornment of personality. the holy religion of islam has always encouraged human to wear this adornments as well as being ethical. the life of prophets and pious ones is full of attempts to be ethically upright and to be away from ingloriousness. the present article studies one of the ethical characteristics of imam ali (as) and exemplifies him as a sym...

Abstract According to a standard story, part of what we have in mind when say that an argument is valid it necessarily truth ‐ preserving : if the premises are true, conclusion must also be true. But—the story continues—that's not enough, since ‘Roses red, therefore roses coloured’, for example, while may truth‐preserving, so virtue form. Thus arrive at contemporary characterisation validity: N...

necessary the same systematic treatment that has been given the metabolism of bacteria, fungi, and the higher plants. The book is divided into eight chapters including an introduction and summary. There are sections on respiration, photosynthesis, the occurrence and distribution of pigments, heterotrophic nutrition, requirements for amino acids, vitamins, and other growth factors, and nitrogen ...

How do readers create representations of fi ctional worlds from texts? We hypothesize that readers use the real world as a starting point and investigate how much and which types of real-world information is imported into a given fi ctional world. We presented subjects (N=52) with three stories and asked them to judge whether real world facts held true in the story world. Subjects’ responses in...

georg büchner’s lenz portrays part of the life of a great writer during the rein of jacob michael reinhold lenz (1751-1792) when germany was in turmoil and disruption. being lonely and depressed, büchner decided to leave home and his country. after being exiled from weimar and losing touch with goethe, he found refuge in rev. oberlin and asked him to save his life. büchner wrote at a time when ...