The regime of sediment transport in the Jingjiang Reach has significantly changed from quasi-equilibrium to sub-saturation since the impoundment of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD), and vertical profiles of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) have changed accordingly. Vertical profiles of SSC data measured at three hydrological stations in the Jingjiang Reach (Zhicheng, Shaishi, and Jianli), befor...

River bed sand and gravel are utilized more than mountain materials due to their availability and closeness to the transit roads and sites of usage. Excessive and non-technical extraction of gravel and sand bring a kind of interference in them, leading to many negative consequences. Therefore, presenting solutions to reduce these impacts and infilling mining pits are essential. In this researc...

Many of the huge structures like New Esna, and New Nega Hammadi Barrages face a great harmful caused by local scour downstream (DS) their stilling basins. It is planned to redesign many of these structures to minimize these harmful impacts of the DS local scour. This research paper presents the results of an extensive experimental investigation on using an optimized submerged curved deflector t...

In this paper, an experimental and numerical study was adopted to investigate the effect geogrid soil reinforcement prestressing on the pressure settlement relation of sand bed supporting a strip foundation. The studied parameters include foundation depth and pre-stress ratio for the cases of one and two pre-stressed reinforcement layers. The study reflected that pre-stressing of soil reinforce...

A numerical model based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method is developed to simulate depth-limited turbulent open channel flows over hydraulically rough beds. The 2D Lagrangian form of the Navier-Stokes equations is solved, in which a drag-based formulation is used based on an effective roughness zone near the bed to account for the roughness effect of bed spheres and an improved sub-...

A sequential matching task was used to compare how the difficulty of shape discrimination influences the achievement of object constancy for depth rotations across haptic and visual object recognition. Stimuli were nameable, 3-dimensional plastic models of familiar objects (e.g., bed, chair) and morphs midway between these endpoint shapes (e.g., a bed-chair morph). The 2 objects presented on a ...

We investigate granular transport by a fluid flow under steady-state driving conditions, from the bed-load regime to the suspension regime, with an experimental system based on a conical rheometer. The mean granular volume fraction φg , the mean granular velocity ug , and the fluid velocity uf are obtained as a function of depth inside the bed using refractive index matching and particle-tracki...

flow passing through lateral intakes and channel junctions is turbulent. sediment flow and bed forms areaffected by these flow patterns and vice versa. in this research, a laboratory study was carried out toexplore a possible method for sediment control for a set of submerged vanes and a single spur dikesimultaneously. since a larger portion of the near-bed flow was diverted, the intake receive...

In this paper we study the propagation of acoustic waves in two dimensional oceans with porous-elastic seabeds. First we outline our results developed for three dimensional ocean with rigid bottom and a depth dependent index of refraction. Then we extend this problem to an ocean bed consisting of porous, elastic sediment, lying over an elastic rock substrata.