Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are genetically heterogeneous. Dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase 1 (DCP1) and butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE) genes may modify the risk of these disorders. We investigated whether common polymorphisms present in these genes operate as risk factors for AD and PD in Finnish subjects, independently or in concert with the apolipoprotein E å4 allele (APOE...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can notably control many targets each and regulate entire cellular pathways, but whether miRNAs can regulate complete neurotransmission processes is largely unknown. Here, we report that miRNAs with complementary sequence motifs to the key genes involved in acetylcholine (ACh) synthesis and/or packaging show massive overlap with those regulating ACh degradation. To address th...

Diabetes, Obesity and Neurological disturbances, most often show co-occurrence. There has been an extensive research in this domain, but the exact mechanism underlying the co-occurrence of the three conditions is still an enigma. The current paper is an approach to establish the role of Butyryl cholinesterase (BCHE) in Diabetes, Obesity and Neurological disorders by performing a comparative ana...

Pretreatment of animals with butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8 BChE) provides complete protection from the acute effects of organophosphorus nerve agents. Butyrylcholinesterase has also been shown to protect from cocaine toxicity. Large amounts of highly purified butyrylcholinesterase are needed to test the effectiveness of this new therapeutic agent in monkeys. Only a minimum amount of endotox...

For the last six decades, researchers have been focused on finding efficient reactivators of organophosphorus compound (OP)-inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). In this study, we have focused our research on a new oxime scaffold based on the Cinchona structure since it was proven to fit the cholinesterases active site and reversibly inhibit their activity. Thr...

We have undertaken a study on variations in cholinesterase (ChE) genes in relation to cardiovascular (CV) function and the metabolic syndrome. Peripheral and central nervous system control of cardiovascular (CV) function mediated through cholinergic pathways is critical in homeostatic maintenance of blood pressure and responsiveness to stress. For acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) our foc...

Although chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke, the genetic variants that confer susceptibility to ischemic stroke in individuals with CKD remain largely unknown. We performed an association study for candidate gene polymorphisms and ischemic stroke in individuals with CKD. The study population comprised 1041 Japanese individuals with CKD, including 228 su...

Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is synthesized in the liver and found in high concentrations in blood plasma, liver, heart, pancreas, vascular endothelium, skin, brain white matter, smooth muscle cells and adipocytes. BChE is a non specific enzyme that hydrolyzes different choline esters (succinylcholine, mivacurium) and many other drugs such as aspirin, cocaine and procaine. The enzyme is also co...

In search of potent inhibitors cholinesterase enzymes and antioxidant agents, synthetic derivatives dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one 1-38 were evaluated as potential anti-Alzheimer agents through in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitions radical (DPPH ABTS) scavenging activities. The (SAR) was mainly based on the different substituents at aryl part which showed a ...

The K variant of human butyrylcholinesterase is caused by a G/A transition in the butyrylcholinesterase gene, which neither creates nor destroys any restriction site. In an attempt to detect the K variant both simply and rapidly, we developed a two step method of "PCR primer introduced restriction analysis" (PCR-PIRA). The first step was used to introduce a new Fun4HI site into the normal allel...