The relationship between hypersensitivity and cellular resistance to infection with facultative intracellular parasites was studied in mice by using infection-immunity in tularemia as a model system. Delayed hypersensitivity to antigenic fractions of Francisella tularensis was first detected 6 to 7 days after immunization with viable F. tularensis vaccine, at which time immunity against challen...

Abstract Effective means of improving Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunogenicity to protect against pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is needed, especially among people living with HIV. Intravenous (IV) administration BCG previously showed significant enhancement immune responses and conferred ~75% protection TB. Using our SIV/M. (Mtb) coinfection model (to mimic HIV/Mtb coinfection) in Mauritius c...

Bronchial airway epithelial cells (BAEpC) are among the first cells to encounter M. tuberculosis following airborne infection. However, the response of BAEpC to M. tuberculosis infection has been little studied. This study investigates the response of a human BAEpC cell line (BEAS-2B) to infection with Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG). Cultured human BEAS-2B cells were experime...

BACKGROUND Intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) remains a first-line treatment for superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Although its use is relatively safe, severe complications such as granulomatous hepatitis, osteomyelitis, pneumonitis, and sepsis occur in few patients. Complications of intravesical instillation of BCG can be local or systemic, with e...

Background and Objective: Salmonellosis is an important infectious zoonotic disease that makes it even more significant to identify and control the causative strains. Molecular methods, especially polymerase chain reaction (PCR), for virulence genes can help to quickly and accurately identify Salmonella strains. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was molecular identification based on sivH, ...

To investigate the potential role of endogenous IL-15 in mycobacterial infection, we examined protective immunity in IL-15-deficient (IL-15(-/-)) mice after infection with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) or recombinant OVA-expressing BCG (rBCG-OVA). IL-15(-/-) mice exhibited an impaired protection in the lung on day 120 after BCG infection as assessed by bacterial growth. CD4...

BACKGROUND We estimated the effect of remote BCG vaccination on tuberculin reactivity and the booster effect among hospital employees. METHODS Cross-sectional survey at a university hospital. All personnel employed during a 24-month period were included in the study. Employees were administered 2-step tuberculin testing, and BCG vaccination scars were verified. RESULTS Of 665 hospital emplo...

In Great Britain an independent scientific review for the government has concluded that the development of a cattle vaccine against Mycobacterium bovis infection holds the best long-term prospect for tuberculosis control in British herds. A precondition for vaccination is the development of a complementary diagnostic test to differentiate between vaccinated animals and those infected with M. bo...

Human monocytes can differentiate into dendritic cells (DCs) according to the nature of environmental signals. We tested here whether the infection with the live tuberculosis vaccine bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), which is known to be limited in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis, modulates monocyte and DC differentiation. We found that monocytes infected with BCG differentiate into CD1a- DCs (...