there have been many differences on the subject of literacy or illiteracy of prophet muhammad (peace be upon him) for a long time. many have said that he was not able to read or write throughout his life. they ratiocinate depending on the words of (ommi) and (ommien) in holy quran, meaning illiterate in dictionaries, or the story of the treaty of hudaybiyya. this can be considered as an unaccep...

the purpose of this paper was to survey the quantity of information ethics. it sought to answer the question whether or not this information exists in quranic verses. in this paper, the entire quran was identified and analyzed with regard to information ethics from the perspective of quranic scholars, experts and librarians. after various phases of coding and categorization, the quranic themes ...

The first Muslim fath/ liberation of Islamicjerusalem in the seventh century was a remarkable historical turning point for Holy Land. After centuries exclusion, peace and inclusivity Land were finally established. Moreover, this event raised standing Islam between two superpowers, Byzantium Persia. As vital occurred era ‘Umar Ibn al-Khattāb, several studies have documented his significant role....

cases where bayt al-mal is responsible for payment of compensation are sometimes accompanied by intensification of compensation. the question is that whether bayt al-mal should pay the intensified compensation in such cases. this question has not been answered in juristic and, legal texts. in addition to causing difference in opinions, it has caused courts to doubt generalization of the intensi...

explaining the virtues, merits and manāqib (praiseworthy actions) of imam ali (a.s) is not a task exclusive to his followers and adherents (namely the shi’a), but rather the scholars of the four sunni schools of law have extensively recounted the imam’s virtues, merits and manāqib, because of the high status of this matchless personality of the muslim world and due to their love and devotion to...

Agricultural development can contribute significantly to peace by raising incomes and employment, thereby reducing the social frustrations that give rise to violence. Agricultural growth also generates revenues for governments, allowing them to redress the grievances of disadvantaged populations. In this way, growth can be made more equitable, an effect that is enhanced if inequalities in acces...

Recently I completed teaching a 12-week course on Peace through Health for Canadian undergraduate students. During the course they had been moved by the lives of children in Gulu, Northern Uganda, had considered medicine and peace actions in Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Croatia, El Salvador, and more. Their final examination was intended to bring them right back home to the invisible conflict under ...