The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is used in photovoltaic system to maximize the photovoltaic array output power , irrespective of temperature , IR radiation, conditions and electrical characteristics of the load. A new MPPT system is developed consisting of DC to DC converter, which is controlled by microcontroller based unit. There are two charging stages for the proposed PV charger. At...

Fossil fuels are our major source of energy, but they are depleting quickly. They also create major environmental issues such as climate change by causing the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. As a result, clean and renewable sources of energy such as solar, nuclear and wind are being considered as alternatives to fossil fuels. Some renewable energy sources are intermittent...

This paper presents an improved and easy-to-use battery dynamic model. The charge and the discharge dynamics of the battery model are validated experimentally with four batteries types. An interesting feature of this model is the simplicity to extract the dynamic model parameters from batteries datasheets. Only three points on the manufacturer’s discharge curve in steady state are required to o...

Due to global energy crisis and severe environmental pollution, the photovoltaic (PV) system has become one of the most important renewable energy sources. Many previous studies on solar charger integrated system only focus on load charge control or switching Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and charge control modes. This study used two-stage system, which allows the overall portable solar e...

Efficient and safe battery charge control is an important prerequisite for large-scale deployment of clean energy systems. This paper proposes an innovative approach to devising optimally health-conscious fast-safe charge protocols. A multiobjective optimal control problem is mathematically formulated via a coupled electro-thermal-aging battery model, where electrical and aging sub-models depen...

The ability to directly track the charge carrier in a battery as it inserts/extracts from an electrode during charge/discharge provides unparalleled insight for researchers into the working mechanism of the device. This crystallographic-electrochemical information can be used to design new materials or modify electrochemical conditions to improve battery performance characteristics, such as lif...

It is an essential task of battery management system (BMS) to online estimate the State of Charge (SoC) of a Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery, an important indicator of the remaining charge in the battery. Accurate modeling of the electrical behavior of a Li-ion battery can provide an accurate approximation of the battery dynamic characteristics during charging/discharging and relaxation phases. Th...

Lithium-based battery technology offers performance advantages over traditional battery technologies at the cost of increased monitoring and controls overhead. Multiple-cell Lead-Acid battery packs can be equalized by a controlled overcharge, eliminating the need to periodically adjust individual cells to match the rest of the pack. Lithium-based based batteries cannot be equalized by an overch...

We will show how an electrochemical lithium-ion battery model is approximated with electrodeaveraged solid diffusion dynamics and parameterized through a reasonable set of experimental data. The parameterized model renders the critical solid-electrolyte surface charge as observable and allows the application of an extended Kalman filter for state of charge (SOC) estimation from the measured vol...