Many advanced medical and biological devices require microscale patterning of cells, proteins, and other biological materials. This article describes the use of piezoelectric ink jet processing in the fabrication of biosensors, cell-based assays, and other microscale medical devices. A microelectromechanical system-based piezoelectric transducer was used to develop uniform fluid flow through no...

Light scattering, or the so-called Yule-Nielsen effect, and ink penetration into the substrate paper play important roles in tone reproduction. We develop a framework in which the influences of both of these effects on the reflectance and tristimulus values of a halftone sample are investigated. The properties of the paper and the ink and their bilateral interaction can be parameterized by the ...

Parchment has been in use for thousands of years and has been used as the writing or drawing support for many important historic works. A variety of analytical techniques is currently used for routine assessment of the degree of denaturation of historic parchment; however, because parchment has a heterogeneous nature, analytical methods with high spatial resolution are desirable. In this work, ...

The deposition of noble metals on soft and/or flexible substrates is vital for several emerging applications including flexible electronics and the fabrication of soft bionic implants. In this paper, we describe a new strategy for the deposition of platinum electrodes on a range of materials, including insulators and flexible polymers. The strategy is enabled by two principle advances: (1) the ...

Wet-in-wet flow effect is a famous phenomenon in Chinese ink paintings. In this paper, we propose a new two-stage algorithm to synthesize this renowned effect. Given a reference image, in the first stage, we render the reference image using a new color ink diffusion synthesis algorithm. This physically-based algorithm explores a new and more sensitive Kubelka-Munk (SK-M) equation. As a result, ...

Assessment of a patient with probable allergic contact dermatitis caused by a tattoo ink is a difficult task, because regulations regarding the substances used as tattoo inks continue to be limited, and ink component information is difficult to access (1). Moreover, in most cases, patch testing with the culprit ink is often of little benefit. We report a case in whom patch testing with the ink ...

The contact formation on high efficiency solar cells using a high temperature process is the subject of this research. Thermal gravimetric analyses were used to study the chemical reactions between ink components and solar cell during the firing process. The mechanism behind the etching process and the opening of the dielectric layer are explained and the influence of the glass concentration on...