Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens are a global public health problem. Numerous individual- and population-level factors contribute to the emergence and spread of these pathogens. An individual-based model (IBM), formulated as a system of stochastically determined events, was developed to describe the complexities of the transmission dynamics of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. T...

We present a syntax-based statistical translation model. Our model transforms a source-language parse tree into a target-language string by applying stochastic operations at each node. These operations capture linguistic differences such as word order and case marking. Model parameters are estimated in polynomial time using an EM algorithm. The model produces word alignments that are better tha...

Contrary to popular belief, we show that the optimal parameters for IBM Model 1 are not unique. We demonstrate that, for a large class of words, IBM Model 1 is indifferent among a continuum of ways to allocate probability mass to their translations. We study the magnitude of the variance in optimal model parameters using a linear programming approach as well as multiple random trials, and demon...

D. F. Ferguson M. L. Stockton IBM products increasingly implement a service-oriented architecture (SOA), in which programmers build services, use services, and develop solutions that aggregate services. IBM Software Group middleware products and tools support the development and deployment of SOA solutions, and increasingly make functional interfaces between components and products visible thro...

How great an effect does self-generated spatial structure have on logistic population growth? Results are described from an individual based model (IBM) with spatially localised dispersal and competition, and from a deterministic approximation to the IBM describing the dynamics of the first and second spatial moments. The dynamical system incorporates a novel closure that gives a close approxim...

در این مقاله، روش جدیدی برای تخمین نسبت سیگنال به نویز (snr) سیگنال ترکیب ارائه شده است که بر پایه روش آنالیز ترکیب شنیداری محاسباتی (casa) است. در روش ارائه شده، ماسک باینری ایده آل (ibm) که به طور معمول هدف محاسباتی سیستم های مبتنی بر casa است، برای تخمین snr سیگنال گفتار نویزی به کار گرفته می شود. روش پیشنهادی با استفاده از ibm و چندین ماسک شبه ibm ارزیابی شده است. این روش، ساده و از نظر محا...

An intrinsic-state formalism for IBM-4 is presented. A basis of deformed bosons is introduced which allows the construction of a general trial wave function which has Wigner’s spin–isospin SU(4) symmetry as a particular limit. Intrinsic-state calculations are compared with exact ones showing good agreement. Typeset using REVTEX 1 The Interacting Boson Model (IBM) was originally proposed to desc...