background and objectives: diarrhea is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world, specially in developing countries. one of the most important causative agents of bacterial diarrhea is diarrheagenic escherichia coli (dec) which causes gastroenteritis and this group involving enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec), enteropathogenic e. coli (epec), enteroaggregative e. coli (eaec), enterohemoragic ...

background: extended spectrum beta lactamases (esbls) are an important cause of transferable multidrug resistance (mdr) in gram-negative bacteria. the most described esbl genes are generally found within integron-like structures as mobile genetic elements. the aim of this study was to identify the accompanying of class 1 integrons and esbls in the mdr e. coli isolates. methods: susceptibility t...

Parasitic diseases of camels are major causes of impaired milk and meat production, decreases in performance or even death. Some camel parasites also represent a threat to human health. About 171,500 one-humped camels (Camelus dromedarius) and 100-300 two-humped camels (Camelus bactrianus) live in Iran. Knowledge of the biodiversity of their parasites is still limited. The present review covers...

Background: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are group of E. coli causing bloody diarrhea. The goal of this survey was to determine the prevalence of multidrug resistant shiga toxin-producing E. coli in cattle meat and its contact surfaces. Methods: Swab samples (n=120) were randomly collected from meat and contact surface of butchery shops in Sharkia province, Egypt. Prevalence o...

background: leukemia inhibitor factor (lif) is a very important pleiotropic cytokine which belongs to interleukin-6 (il-6) family. lif exerts multiple effects on different types of cells and tissues with numerous regulatory effects in vivo and in vitro. it is a lymphoid factor, which performs a number of activities including cholinergic neuron differentia­tion, control of stem cell pluripotency...

conclusions our findings show that lactobacillus strains with human origin had a mild inhibitory activity against the diarrheagenic e. coli, and these strains may be useful as probiotic candidates in prevention of intestinal infections caused by diarrheagenic e. coli. results a total of 20 lactobacillus isolates were identified from stool samples. lactobacillus fermentum was the most frequently...

The Sulawesi black-crested macaque (Macaca nigra) is an endemic primate of North that categorized as critically endangered (IUCN 2015). Endoparasite contributes to the decline M.nigra. Therefore, this study aims determine prevalence endoparasites in (M. nigra). We collected 80 fresh fecal samples representing all sex from two habituated groups. analyzed them using direct examination technique (...