this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of injection of essential oil of eugenia caryophyllata in the kid horn buds, as a new chemical technique for disbudding. five-day-old healthy goat kids from both sexes (n = 16) were divided randomly into 4 equal groups. in groups 1, 2 and 3, 0.2 ml of clove essence and in group 4 (control) 0.2 ml of normal saline was injected into the left horn ...

this study was conducted to investigate the effects of age and sex on the fleece characteristics of 40 iranian indigenous khorasan goats. goats were divided into two different sex and age (kids and adults) groups. fiber characteristics under study were: fleece weight, fiber length, lock length, fiber diameter, coefficient of fiber diameter, breaking load, resistance, elongation, hair percentage...

this study was performed to determine the effects of different levels of chromium methionine (cr-met)supplementation on growth performance, meat oxidative stability and ruminal metabolites in male kids. thirty-two male mahabadi goat kids, with an average initial body weight (bw) of 22 ± 2 kg at 4 months of age, were allocated in a completely randomized design with four treatments: control witho...

Background. Most football players (58%) around the world are younger than 18 years and almost three quarters of these young players are under the age of 14 years old. The characteristics of football injuries in children aged 7 - 12 years old are different from those of the young and adult players. Objectives. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate effects of FIFA 11+ and 11+ Kids wa...

On-farm data were collected to evaluate reproductive performance of Red Sokoto does reared under small-holder agro-pastoral production system within metropolitan Kano, semi-arid, Nigeria. The effects of age of dams, parity, litter size(s) and sex of kid(s) on pre-weaning growth rate were investigated. Data was obtained from semiintensively managed herds of twenty four households for a period of...

OBJECTIVE The Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA) has earlier demonstrated excellent validity and rater reliability. This study aimed to evaluate test-retest reliability of the AHA and alternate forms reliability between Small kids vs School kids AHA and the 2 board games in School kids AHA. DESIGN Test-retest and alternate forms reliability was evaluated by repeated testing with 2 weeks interval...

The Kestrel Interactive Development System (KIDS) provides automated support for the development of correct and eÆcient programs from formal speci cations. The system has components for performing algorithm design, deductive inference, program simpli cation, partial evaluation, nite di erencing optimizations, data type re nement, compilation, and other development operations. Although their app...

Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are gastro-intestinal protozoa known to infect small ruminants. Both protozoa are also considered as a potential public health concern. The objective of this study was to determine their prevalence in lambs and goat kids kept under common Mediterranean dairy husbandry systems and to identify the species and genotypes infecting these small ruminants. I...

The aim of this study was to analyze the economic viability of producing dairy goat kids fed liquid diets in alternative of goat milk and slaughtered at two different ages. Forty-eight male newborn Saanen and Alpine kids were selected and allocated to four groups using a completely randomized factorial design: goat milk (GM), cow milk (CM), commercial milk replacer (CMR) and fermented cow colos...