Proteins from intercellular fluid extracts of chemically stressed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves were separated by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at alkaline or acid pH. Polyacrylamide gels contained Saccharomyces cerevisiae (bakers' yeast) or Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) crude cell walls for assaying yeast wall lysis. In parallel, gels were overlaid with a suspensio...

Following the discovery of ergosterol by Tanret (l), Gerard (2) observed that not only ergot, but fungi in general, contain it. Gerard was the first to recognize ergosterol in yeast, although Nageli (3) had earlier obtained a yeast “cholesterol” in crude form. In traces ergosterol is now known to be widely distributed in both plant and animal kingdoms, but the fungi, and particularly the yeasts...

Inversion of sucrose by bakers' yeast follows the same course as inversion catalyzed by yeast invertase. Rate of inversion increases exponentially with temperature; the temperature characteristic in the Arrhenius equation is 10,700 below 13-17 degrees C., and 8,300 above that temperature. Temperature inactivation occurs above 40 degrees C. The effects of temperature upon rate of inversion were ...

Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) are stress-responsive proteins that activate the expression of heat shock genes and are highly conserved from bakers' yeast to humans. Under basal conditions, the human HSF1 protein is maintained as an inactive monomer through intramolecular interactions between two coiled-coil domains and interactions with heat shock proteins; upon environmental, pharmac...

Aerobically grown bakers’ yeast has been shown to contain two different lactic cytochrome c reductases, one of which is specific for L( +)-lactate (1) and the other of which is specific for D( -)-lactate (2). Neither of these two enzymes is present in anaerobically grown yeast, which contains instead a D( -)lactic dehydrogenase that does not reduce cytochrome c. No L( +)-lactic dehydrogenase is...

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Pathogenic organisms are thought to be widely distributed among food handlers. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of carriers of some pathogenic bacteria and intestinal parasites among food handlers in the city of Omdurman, Sudan. METHODS A total of 518 nasal swabs and stool specimens were collected. Nasal swabs were cultured on bacteriological culture media. ...

Skin prick tests (SPTs) play an important role in the diagnosis of bakers asthma and epidemiological field studies on frequencies of sensitization to wheat or rye flour. In many epidemiological studies the investigators have tried to reveal the determinants of specific sensitization, and atopy appears to be a very strong determinant for sensitization to flour allergens. Age and gender have not ...