Policy makers in the so-called transition countries, as in all countries, face the challenge of improving the performance of their health systems. These countries share a unique historical experience – the period and collapse of communist rule – and all embarked on an unprecedented social, political and economic transition that began at the end of the 1980s. Despite this shared history, differe...

Multimedia means multilegia. The basic copyright problem arises out of the fact that multimedia producers need to integrate a hugh quantity of copyrightable works (texts, pictures, music) in their products. This paper describes how the traditional European copyright law can cope with the requirements of the digital age. Instead of compulsory licensing, the collecting societies can manage digita...

BACKGROUND The introduction of a systematic framework for the licensing of health care professions, which is a crucial step in ensuring the quality of human resources for health (HRH), is still evolving in Lao People's Democraic Republic. The aim of this study was to review and document the evolution of Lao HRH policies and the development of its national licensing system. CASE PRESENTATION A...

the constant increase of counterfeiting and piracy and the negative impact on trade, public health and safety in both developing and developed economies make the combat against this phenomenon a formidable challenge for all wto members. the trips agreement contains a comprehensive chapter on enforcement in part iii and special requirements related to border measures detailed in section 4, thus ...

The end of the twentieth century was marked by a sea change in global governance in the realm of intellectual property rights (IPRs). Whereas countries historically retained substantial autonomy with regard to what they defined as intellectual ‘‘property’’ and the rights granted to the owners of intellectual property, the 1990s witnessed the establishment of new global obligations regarding nat...