Microsatellites are the markers of choice for a variety of population genetic studies. The recent advent of next-generation pyrosequencing has drastically accelerated microsatellite locus discovery by providing a greater amount of DNA sequencing reads at lower costs compared to other techniques. However, laboratory testing of PCR primers targeting potential microsatellite markers remains time c...

The role of 3' exonuclease excision in DNA polymerization was evaluated for primer extension using inert allele specific primers with exonuclease-digestible ddNMP at their 3' termini. Efficient primer extension was observed in amplicons where the inert allele specific primers and their corresponding templates were mismatched. However, no primer-extended products were yielded by matched amplicon...

Background: Meat species adulteration has become a problem of concern. This study aimed to compare two previously published multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) methods for meat species authentication.  Methods: The primers used in the first multiplex PCR involved species-specific reverse primer for sheep, goat, cattle, pig, and donkey with universal forward primer. In the second multiple...

background: splicing by overlap extension (soe) pcr is used to create mutation in the coding sequence of an enzyme in order to study the role of specific residues in protein’s structure and function.objectives: we introduced a nested-soe-pcr (n –soe-pcr) in order to increase the specificity and generating mutations in a gene by soe-pcr.  materials and methods: genomic dna from bacillus thermoca...

Genetic variation and inheritance of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in female grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and male bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and their F1 offspring hybrid have been studied. For this purpose, genomic DNA was extracted from muscle tissue according to phenol-chloroform method, and six decamer primers were used for amplifying polymorphic ...

The mossy fiber to CA3 pyramidal neuron synapse in the hippocampus displays an atypical form of NMDA receptor-independent long-term potentiation (LTP). Plasticity at this synapse is expressed in the presynaptic terminal as an elevated probability of neurotransmitter release. However, evidence indicates that postsynaptic mechanisms and trans-synaptic signaling through an association between post...

The quantity of PCR products that are simultaneously amplified from two different loci in a duplex amplification (DA) are significantly lower for one of the loci, as compared to identical PCR amplification in separate single-band amplifications (SBA). This difference in amplification probably occurs already after the second cycle of amplification. To further analyze this phenomenon, we tested d...