Objective molecular dynamics combined with density-functional-based tight binding makes it possible to compute chiral nanotubes as axial-screw dislocations. This enables the surprising revelation of a large catalog of MoS2 nanotubes that lack the prescribed translational symmetry and exhibit chirality-dependent electronic band gaps and elastic constants. Helical symmetry is the natural property...

The object of this brief review is to reconcile different points of view on how the spin of proton is made up from its constituents. On the basis of naive quark model with flavour symmetry such as isospin or SU(3) one finds a static description. On the contrary the local SU(3) colour symmetry gives a dynamical view. Both these views are contrasted and the role of U(1) axial anomaly and the ambi...

The quantum anomaly that breaks the U(1) axial symmetry of massless multi-flavored QCD leaves behind a discrete flavor-singlet chiral invariance. With massive quarks, this residual symmetry has a close connection with the strong CP-violating parameter theta. One result is that if the lightest quarks are degenerate, then a first order transition will occur when theta passes through pi. The resul...

We show on the basis of an effective theory of QCD that a wide variety of observables in the hadron world is governed by the chiral symmetry together with an interplay between the axial anomaly and the explicit symmetry breaking due to the current quark mass. We also discuss the nature of the chiral transition at finite temperature and related dynamical phenomena using the effective Lagrangian....

Spiral galaxies show axial symmetry and an intrinsic 2D-chirality. Environmental effects can influence the chirality of originally isolated stellar systems and a progressive loss of chirality can be recognised in the Hubble sequence. We point out a preferential modality for genetic galaxies as in microscopic systems like aminoacids, sugars or neutrinos. This feature could be the remnant of a pr...

The B̄ → Kγ branching fraction is predicted using heavy quark spin symmetry at large recoil to relate the tensor and (axial-)vector form factors, using heavy quark flavor symmetry to relate the B decay form factors to the measured D → Kl̄ν form factors, and extrapolating the semileptonic B decay form factors to large recoil assuming nearest pole dominance. This prediction agrees with data surpris...

It is found that in the SM the Ward-Takahashi(WT) identities of the axial-vector currents and the charged vector currents of fermions are invalid after spontaneous symmetry breaking. The spin-0 components of Z and W fields are revealed from the invalidity of these WT identities. The masses of these spin-0 components are at 10 14 GeV. They are ghosts. Therefore, unitarity of the SM after spontan...

Luminescence data for 6 manganese doped langbeinites, Aj B2 + (S04)3 , are reported. They are consistent with octahedral symmetry of the impurity center (substitutional in B site), although for the host lattice the B site is known to show three-fold axial (distorted octahedral) symmetry only. In accordance with previous conclusions from EPR data the luminescence parameters indicate structural r...

The mechanism of the excitation of the Earth's polar instability in the absence of external torques is explored. The conventional perturbation scheme used to simplify the Liouville equation has oversimplified the excitation physics. The Earth becomes axially near-symmetrical and slightly triaxial during polar excitation, which induces additional change in the moment of inertia. Polar excitation...

The physical situation which has initiated this research is that of a dielectric particle with electric charges on its surface, placed in electric field. Here, the diffusion equation of the charges is coupled with the Maxwell equations. There is an analytical solution of this system of equation [1] which involves some functional calculus with operators, in particular with Laplace-Beltrami opera...