As a consequence of agricultural intensification and habitat fragmentation since the mid-20th century, biological diversity has declined considerably throughout world, particularly in Europe. We assessed how landscape-scale heterogeneity, such as variation fragment size (small vs. large) landscape configuration (measured connectivity index), affect plant arthropod diversity. focused on arthropo...

Abstract Maximizing biodiversity persistence in heterogeneous human-modified landscapes is hindered by the complex interactions between habitat quality and configuration of native non-native habitats. Here we examined these considering avian diversity across 26 sampling sites, each which comprised three points located a gradient disturbance: core fragment, fragment edge, adjacent matrix. The 78...