The pivotal role in the adjustment of the pitch of the human voice is played by the cricothyroid joint. The purpose of our study was to provide data of the morphology of articular surfaces and the range of movements occurring at the cricothyroid joints and to study the ligaments associated with the latter. The cricothyroid joints of two hundred and fifty larynges obtained from fetal, neonatal, ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the feasibility of a new method of laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) that uses a bioabsorbable plating system consisting of polylactic and polyglycolic acid and provides some advantages over currently used methods. DESIGN AND INTERVENTIONS Anterior subglottic stenosis was created in 10 beagles that then underwent LTR using an autologous costochondral graft. External la...

Chondrosarcomas of the larynx are rare tumors accounting for about 0.5% of all laryngeal primary tumors. A total of 111 laryngeal chondrosarcoma cases, diagnosed between 1970 and 1997, were retrieved from the Otorhinolaryngic-Head & Neck Tumor Registry of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. There was a 3.6:1 male/female ratio of patients 25-91 years of age (mean, 64.4 years). Patients pres...

The RARy gene generates two major isoforms, RARyl and RARy2, which originate from two distinct promoters. We report here the engineering of mice lacking RARyl, but in which RARy2 is normally expressed. The effect of this null mutation has been compared with those previously described for RARy2 and all RARy isoforms (total RARy gene inactivation), both in single mutants and in double mutants bea...

A nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve (NRILN) is found more frequently on the right side than on the left, and it is closely associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery. The presence of the aberrant right subclavian artery on preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan suggests NRILN; however, different types of branching locations and pathways exist. Here, we report three NRILN cases ...

The trachea forms the part of the conducting system which transports air from the external environment to the lungs. The aim of this study was to provide quantitative dimensions of the trachea of Red Sokoto goat (Capra hircus). Quantitative analysis was conducted on nine tracheas from goats (ages were ranged between eight months and three years) without sex variation in this study. The results ...